An Indium Tin Oxide-Free Polymer Solar Cell on Flexible Glass

Formica, Nadia; Mantilla-Pérez, Paola; Ghosh, Dhriti Sundar; Janner, Davide; Chen, Tong Lai; Huang, Minghuang; Garner, Sean; Martorell, Jordi; Pruneri, Valerio

doi:10.1021/am5071909

Cited by 62 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Figure 4c shows the transmittance as a function of the Ag interfacial layer for thicknesses varying from 5 nm to 20 nm, while the thicknesses of both bottom and top ZnO films are kept constant at 40 nm. At a thickness of 5 nm, the Ag film is discontinuous, giving a no optimized antireflection effect, more scattering, and plasmonic absorption [23]. With 10 nm thickness of Ag, the ZnO/Ag/ZnO transparent electrode Figure 3f shows the cross-sectional views of SEM images of a ZnO/Ag/ZnO multilayer grown on the ITO substrate, where the Ag film was continuous.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Stable, Transparent and Conductive ZnO/Ag/ZnO Nanofilm Electrodes on Rigid/Flexible Substrates

Zhang¹,

Zhao²,

Jia³

et al. 2016

Energies

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Here, highly transparent, conductive, and stable ZnO/Ag/ZnO electrodes on transparent rigid glass and flexible substrates were prepared by facile, room-temperature magnetron sputtering, in which the continuous Ag layers were obtained by means of oxidization-induced effect under an Ar atmosphere with tiny amounts of O 2 . The results showed an appropriate amount of O 2 was beneficial to form continuous Ag films because of the adsorption of oxygen between the ZnO and Ag layers. When the concentration of O 2 in the Ar atmosphere was 2.0%-3.0%, ZnO (40 nm)/Ag (10 nm)/ZnO (40 nm) films on rigid glass showed visible-range transmittance of 94.8% and sheet resistance of 8.58 Ω¨sq´1, while the corresponding data on flexible PET substrates were 95.9% and 8.11 Ω¨sq´1, respectively. In addition, the outstanding electrodes remained stable for more than six months under air conditioned conditions. The electrodes are fully functional as universal rigid/flexible electrodes for high-performance electronic applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Stable, Transparent and Conductive ZnO/Ag/ZnO Nanofilm Electrodes on Rigid/Flexible Substrates

Zhang¹,

Zhao²,

Jia³

et al. 2016

Energies

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“…Despite possessing large T , low electrical sheet resistance ( R s ), high chemical and environmental stability, ITO requires high temperature processing, has poor mechanical flexibility and high raw material cost6. Among the material alternatives, Al-doped ZnO (AZO), carbon nanotubes, metal nanowires, ultrathin metals, conducting polymers and, most recently, graphene have been extensively considered7891011121314151617181920. Some of these alternatives can overcome the mechanical fragility, high temperature processing and/or cost of ITO, but still suffer from one or more drawbacks such as poor adhesion, large surface roughness and high optical scattering, and not always achieve a competitive trade-off between T and R s 2122232425.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An antireflection transparent conductor with ultralow optical loss (<2 %) and electrical resistance (<6 Ω sq−1)

et al. 2016

Self Cite

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Transparent conductors are essential in many optoelectronic devices, such as displays, smart windows, light-emitting diodes and solar cells. Here we demonstrate a transparent conductor with optical loss of ∼1.6%, that is, even lower than that of single-layer graphene (2.3%), and transmission higher than 98% over the visible wavelength range. This was possible by an optimized antireflection design consisting in applying Al-doped ZnO and TiO2 layers with precise thicknesses to a highly conductive Ag ultrathin film. The proposed multilayer structure also possesses a low electrical resistance (5.75 Ω sq−1), a figure of merit four times larger than that of indium tin oxide, the most widely used transparent conductor today, and, contrary to it, is mechanically flexible and room temperature deposited. To assess the application potentials, transparent shielding of radiofrequency and microwave interference signals with ∼30 dB attenuation up to 18 GHz was achieved.

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“…Herein, we report efficient flexible OSCs on Corning Willow Glass, which is an ultra‐thin glass substrate with a thickness of 100 μm. The thin glass is highly transparent at the shorter wavelengths where PET and PEN absorb, and provides benefits such as low surface roughness, improved film adhesion and superior barrier properties against oxygen and moisture . It is also amenable to high‐temperature and solvent‐based processing while maintaining mechanical flexibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible ITO‐Free Organic Photovoltaics on Ultra‐Thin Flexible Glass Substrates with High Efficiency and Improved Stability

et al. 2019

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The ability for organic solar cells to be conformable and bendable enables them to be used in a broad range of applications. Indium tin oxide (ITO) or PEDOT:PSS on plastic substrates such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or poly(ethylene napthalate) (PET or PEN) have been used for transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) for flexible devices. However, ITO is brittle and when used on flexible substrates is prone to cracking, and the acidity of PEDOT:PSS can lead to corrosion of the ester‐based plastic substrates and cause device degradation. In this work, TCEs based on modified high‐conductivity PEDOT:PSS on 100 μm‐thick flexible glass substrates are used as the anode for organic solar cells. The optimized PEDOT:PSS TCE anode on flexible glass has a sheet resistance of ≈30 Ω/sq and a transmission of ≈77% at 550 nm, with a broad transmission window between 300 and 800 nm. The best PEDOT:PSS on flexible glass‐based organic solar cell has a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.0%, which is higher than devices comprising ITO or PEDOT:PSS on PEN, which have PCEs of 6.4% and 5.8%, respectively. It is also found that the ultra‐thin glass devices can be scaled, with 1.6 cm2 flexible cells having an efficiency of 5.2%.

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An Indium Tin Oxide-Free Polymer Solar Cell on Flexible Glass

Cited by 62 publications

References 66 publications

High Stable, Transparent and Conductive ZnO/Ag/ZnO Nanofilm Electrodes on Rigid/Flexible Substrates

High Stable, Transparent and Conductive ZnO/Ag/ZnO Nanofilm Electrodes on Rigid/Flexible Substrates

An antireflection transparent conductor with ultralow optical loss (<2 %) and electrical resistance (<6 Ω sq−1)

Flexible ITO‐Free Organic Photovoltaics on Ultra‐Thin Flexible Glass Substrates with High Efficiency and Improved Stability

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