“…Therefore, rather simpler but sub-optimal two-stage SRIVC-based approaches have been very recently developed Young et al [2009]. These are in the same spirit as the two-stage algorithm suggested by Van den Hof and Schrama [1993] for discrete-time systems and they have the same advantage of not requiring prior knowledge of the control system. However, the new twostage algorithms are more sophisticated than the Van den Hof and Schrama approach because each stage exploits the appropriate open loop SRIVC/RIVC algorithms: namely, the SRIVC algorithm (rather than the FIR model estimation used by Van den Hof) for estimating the control input signal, followed by the estimation of the enclosed, controlled system, based on this estimated control input, using either the SRIVC or the full RIVC algorithm.…”