An Index for Comparing Weediness in Plants

Hart, Robin

doi:10.2307/1219447

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, the size of the native range of an invasive species has been found to be highly correlated with its abundance in the new range, as documented for many highly invasive Eurasian species around Québec (Lavoie et al ., ). Herbaria also can enable estimation of a weediness index – or how much a plant associates with human‐caused disturbance – which often also overlaps with plant invasiveness (Robin Hart, ). Such estimates hold well in comparison with field surveys (Hanan‐A et al ., ).…”

Section: Biological Invasionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using herbaria to study global environmental change

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the last centuries, humans have transformed global ecosystems. With their temporal dimension, herbaria provide the otherwise scarce long-term data crucial for tracking ecological and evolutionary changes over this period of intense global change. The sheer size of herbaria, together with their increasing digitization and the possibility of sequencing DNA from the preserved plant material, makes them invaluable resources for understanding ecological and evolutionary species' responses to global environmental change. Following the chronology of global change, we highlight how herbaria can inform about long-term effects on plants of at least four of the main drivers of global change: pollution, habitat change, climate change and invasive species. We summarize how herbarium specimens so far have been used in global change research, discuss future opportunities and challenges posed by the nature of these data, and advocate for an intensified use of these 'windows into the past' for global change research and beyond.

show abstract

Section: Biological Invasionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using herbaria to study global environmental change

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Variety pilosum is found more than 70% of the time in disturbed areas such as fallow land, roadsides, dumps, quarries, arable fields, railroad beds, and embankments. Variety pringlei is equally frequent in disturbed areas versus natural sites such as open woods, forest clearings, stream or river banks, barrens and natural open sites, and marshes, bogs, and swamps (Hart 1976;Hill 1980). The species is a prolific colonizer; dominating an 8-10 ha field in Pennsylvania within 2 yr of abandonment (Keever 1979).…”

Section: Economic Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variety pringlei (as non-hairy var. demotus) is approximately equally common in disturbed areas (fallow land, 31.1%; roadsides, 17.5%; dumps, quarries and ballast, 1.9%; cultivated ground, 2.4%; and railroad beds and embankments, 1.0%) and natural habitats (open woods and forest clearings, 23.8%; streams and river banks, 6.8%; barrens and natural open areas, 14.6%; and marshes, bogs, and swamps, 1.0%) (Hart 1976). Populations from southwestern Ontario grew in association with 120 species of vascular plants from 39 families with the greatest number of associated species encountered in a single population being 45, and the least, 13 (Shackleford 1983).…”

Section: (C) Communities In Which the Species Occurs -mentioning

confidence: 99%

The biology of Canadian weeds. 114. Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) Nesom (Aster pilosus Willd.)

Chmielewski¹,

Semple²

2001

Can. J. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chmielewski, J. G. and Semple, J. C. 2001. The biology of Canadian weeds. 114. Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) Nesom (Aster pilosus Willd.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 81: 851-865. Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) Nesom, the white heath aster, is a robust, native North American, polyploid, herbaceous perennial. Until recently the species was treated as part of Aster. Its placement in the segregate genus Symphyotrichum follows the revised generic combinations proposed for North American asters. Occurring throughout eastern North America from Nova Scotia and Maine in the northeast, southward to Georgia, westward through southern Quebec and Ontario to Wisconsin, Iowa, Kansas, and Arkansas in disturbed areas such as fallow land, roadsides, dumps, quarries, arable fields, railroad beds, and embankments, the species is troublesome in the United States but a weed of minor importance in Canada. Two varieties, var. pilosum and var. pringlei are recognized. The former, the hairy variety, is weedier than the latter, the hairless variety. The species commonly occurs in fields following the first year of abandonment and may dominate in the second, or subsequent years. Control may be achieved through the application of selected herbicides. Also, even a moderate amount of grazing by herbivores such as small rodents and rabbits is sufficient to restrict growth in the species. Mildew is chronic and widespread in natural populations but typically neither kills the plants nor prevents seed production. This contribution summarizes the known biological data for the species. On lui connaît deux variétés, pilosum et pringlei. La première, la variété pileuse, est plus adventice que la variété glabre. L'aster éricoïde se rencontre couramment dans les champs l'année suivant leur abandon et peut y régner en maître l'année suivante ou les années subséquentes. On en vient à bout au moyen de certains herbicides. Une paissance modérée par des herbivores comme les petits rongeurs et les lapins suffit parfois à entraver la prolifération de l'espèce. Les peuplements naturels sont souvent attaqués par le mildiou, mais cette maladie, même si elle est répandue, ne tue pas la plante et n'empêche pas la production de semences.Mots clés : Symphyotrichum pilosum, Aster pilosus, aster éricoïde, biologie des mauvaises herbes, var. pilosum, var. pringlei 1. Name Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) Nesom (basionym: Aster pilosus Willd.) -the white heath aster (Mulligan 1992), heath aster, frost aster, hairy aster, common old field aster, old field aster, steelweed [these common names typically refer to var. pilosum as opposed to var. pringlei (A. Gray) Nesom, Pringle's aster]; Asteraceae (Compositae), aster (composite) family, Composées (Fernald 1950;Anonymous 1990;Semple et al. 1996).

show abstract

“…Herbaria can also enable estimation of a weediness index, i.e. how much a plant associates with human-caused disturbance, which often also overlaps with plant invasiveness 125 . Such estimates hold well in comparison with field surveys, and for example accurately predicted relative weediness of Melampodium in the Mexican state of Nayarit 126 .…”

Section: Understanding Invasion Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using herbaria to study global environmental change

Lang

Willems

Burbano

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the last centuries, humans have transformed global ecosystems. With their temporal dimension, herbaria provide the otherwise scarce long-term data crucial to track ecological and evolutionary changes over these centuries of global change. The sheer size of herbaria, together with their increasing digitization and the possibility of sequencing DNA from the preserved plant material, makes them invaluable resources to understand ecological and evolutionary species responses to global environmental change. Following the chronology of global change, we highlight how herbaria can inform about long-term effects on plants of at least four of the main drivers of global change: pollution, habitat change, climate change, and invasive species. We summarize how herbarium specimens so far have been used in global change research, discuss future opportunities and challenges posed by the nature of these data, and advocate for an intensified use of these 'windows into the past' for global change research and beyond.

show abstract

An Index for Comparing Weediness in Plants

Abstract: Summary An index for comparing weediness in plants can be constructed from site information on herbarium specimen labels. The percent of the species collected from disturbed sites is a measure of weediness. Some examples are presented in Cerastium, Polygonum, and Aster.

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Using herbaria to study global environmental change

Using herbaria to study global environmental change

The biology of Canadian weeds. 114. Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) Nesom (Aster pilosus Willd.)

Using herbaria to study global environmental change

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About