An incremental theory of magneto-elastic hysteresis in pseudo-cubic ferro-magnetostrictive alloys

Efficient magnetic hysteresis model for field and stress application in magnetostrictive Galfenol

“…While this model was formulated to describe anhysteretic Terfenol-D measurements, extensions include hysteresis in the presence of changing magnetic fields. 2 The hysteresis extension of the model lacks accuracy due to the choice of moment orientations included in the summation for the expected value calculations-only moments attaining a local internal energy minimum are included ͑eight for Terfenol-D and six for Galfenol.͒ Atulasimha et al, 3 improved the accuracy of the hysteresis model by including 98 distributed orientations. The number of moments and their directions was chosen for ͗110͘-oriented material and may be different for other orientations.…”

Embedding a Magnetoelastic Material Model in a Coupled Magnetomechanical Finite-Element Solver

“…Further improvements to energy based material models have been proposed in e.g. [3], [4] and can be introduced in the proposed magneto-mechanical solver similarly.…”

Coupled axisymmetric finite element model of a hydraulically amplified magnetostrictive actuator for active powertrain mounts

“…Another approach to modeling Terfenol-D was formulated by Armstrong et al [24] where bulk magnetization and magnetostriction are derived from an expected value of a large number of moments. The model was later extended to include magnetomechanical hysteresis and its efficiency was improved by restricting the choice of moment orientations to the easy magnetization axes [25] (8 /111S directions for Terfenol-D). This restricted choice of moment orientations, however, caused inaccuracies in the models especially in the domain rotation region.…”