An income-reflective scalable energy level transition system for low/middle income households

M-LED: Multi-sectoral Latent Electricity Demand Assessment for Energy Access Planning

“…The baskets of appliances are obtained through a literature review (ref. (Adeoye and Spataru, 2019;Blodgett et al, 2017;Kotikot et al, 2018;Lee et al, 2016b;Monyei et al, 2019;Monyei and Adewumi, 2017;Sprei, 2002;Thom, 2000)) supported by the authors' personal experience. The compiled database is reported in Supplementary File F1, where every category of users is characterized by a corresponding usage pattern of the owned appliances, differentiating every month to account for seasonality of the uses.…”

“…We construct 5x2 = 10 archetypical types (five in urban areas, and five in rural settlements) of households by electrical appliance ownership and use patterns. These are designed starting from a systematic screening of the literature (Adeoye and Spataru, 2019;Blodgett et al, 2017;Kotikot et al, 2018;Lee et al, 2016b;Monyei et al, 2019;Monyei and Adewumi, 2017;Sprei, 2002;Thom, 2000) about electricity consumption in developing countries and parametrised based on data from recent field visits in Kenya by the authors and their team (2019). The empirical screening provides the rationale to compile tables of appliances and usage patterns (refer to SI-A2) for each household type.…”

Repurposing Electricity Access Research for the Global South: A Tale of Many Disconnects

“…Electrification policies that necessitate the use of loadlimiting devices might constitute a poverty trap by preventing mobility across energy consumption classes. 5 Although the use of such devices might defer capital investments in capacity expansion, the consequences of the created poverty trap can be very significant. In dismissing the arguments favoring low-capacity systems for offgrid and unelectrified communities, we argue that in the Global North, households irrespective of their electricity demand capacity can access as much electricity as they want as long as they can pay.…”

Benchmarks for energy access: Policy vagueness and incoherence as barriers to sustainable electrification of the global south

“…Electricity mobility (see Figure 1) is defined as the ability of households to increase their electricity consumption based on either an increase in the ownership of owned electrical appliances or extended usage of already owned electrical appliances [10]. Differing from the popular energy ladder, electricity mobility assesses the ability of the utility (mini-grid, micro-grid, SHS) to guarantee the possibility of electricity consumption expansion for households up to an extent.…”