An inactivated vaccine against ringworm

Wawrzkiewicz, K; Wawrzkiewicz, J

doi:10.1016/0147-9571(92)90099-d

Cited by 11 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These findings confirm the observations of Wawrzkiewicz and Wawrzkiewicz (18), demonstrating that the highest immune response after administration of inactivated antifungal vaccines is observed between day 7 and 14 after the second vaccine dose.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…complete regression of inflammatory and crusty lesions, as well as covering of the entire focus with healthy epidermis, and visible hair re-growth was attributed to the development of specific cell-mediated immunity, which is essential for elimination of infections caused by dermatophytes (7,8,14,15,17). The above data is consistent with the findings of other authors studying experimentally infected guinea pigs, mice, rats, foxes, and calves, which confirms that the extinction of the disease is associated with the development of specific antifungal cell immunity (9,11,(16)(17)(18). The vaccine Alopevac used in the study quite strongly stimulated cell-mediated immune mechanisms, which was evidenced by positive LIMF values in immunised rabbits.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

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Specific cell-mediated immune response in rabbits immunised and infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes

Wojcicka-Lorenowicz

Kostro

Taszkun

2013

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy

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Deep crusty dermatophytosis was demonstrated in 10-week-old rabbits naturally and experimentally infected with T. mentagrophytes. Moreover, specific cell-mediated immune response in T. mentagrophytes-infected rabbits occurrd in two phases. During the presence of clinical symptoms of trichophytosis, slightly positive results of leukocyte migration inhibition factor (LMIF) assay were noted, whereas the highest values were observed during spontaneous regression of fungal lesions and complete recovery. The slightly positive LMIF values in rabbits with fungal lesions reflect the mechanism of cell-mediated immune response during T. mentagrophytes infection. On the other hand, the highest positive LMIF values during spontaneous recovery indicate that regression of fungal lesions is attributed to acquired specific cellular immunity. The findings also confirm that the used vaccine against trichophytosis quite strongly stimulates the cell-mediated immune mechanisms, which is confirmed by positive LMIF values in immunised rabbits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Specific cell-mediated immune response in rabbits immunised and infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes

Wojcicka-Lorenowicz

Kostro

Taszkun

2013

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy

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“…The lyophilized dermatophytes cultures were ground under aseptic conditions for fine powder. Extract antigen was prepared according to (Wawrzkiewicz and Wawrzkiewicz, 1992). Powdered mycelia (1 g dry weight) was mixed with 50g glass beads (0.1-mm diameter) and 10 mL of 0.01 M PBS PH The mixture was processed for 2 min in a rotatory homogenizer cooled with a stream of liquid CO 2 .…”

Section: Preparation Of T Verrucosum Antigenmentioning

confidence: 99%

EVALUATION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO <i>T. VERRUCOSUM</i> VACCINES

Zahran¹,

Abdeen²

2013

American Journal of Immunology

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Dermatophytosis is considered as one of the most important fungal skin disease affecting both humans and animals otherwise its importance as zoonotic disease. Treatment of ringworm in cattle is expensive and time consuming especially on herd level. Vaccination can be a giant step forward to prevent the occurrence of mycozoonosis between the affected animals with ringworm and susceptible man. Fifty skins scraping samples were collected from animals (cattle, sheep and calves) suffering from skin lesions suspected to be ringworm. Then these collected samples were subjected to mycological examination and identification. T. verrucosum is the main causative agent of collected skin scrapings. Two types of vaccines were prepared from this strain (Culture filtrate and formalin inactivated vaccines). Rabbit model was used for challenge testing of the vaccines. The rabbits were separated into four groups as follow: Each group contained 3 rabbits each one was injected subcutaneously with 1ml of culture filtrate with adjuvant twice for seven days intervals. Group No. 2 rabbits each one was injected intramuscularly with 1 mL formalin-inactivated with adjuvant. The 3rd group is control positive and 4th one is control negative. Vaccination programme is done via injection twice with one week interval and the challenge by scarification of the skin with 0.2 mL of 5×10 7 fungal elements/mL. For 3 days. Humeral immune response was assessed by measuring anti-T. verrucosum antibodies using ELISA technique (direct method). By using statistical analysis of ANOVA, the mean optical density of anti-T. verrucosum specific IgG level in rabbits artificially immunized with culture filtrate with adjuvant vaccine significantly increase from (1.97) post first vaccination to reach (2.43) post second vaccination and still high after challenge with the virulent T. verrucosum strain (2.32) when compared with control positive (1.57). The results revealed that both type of vaccines induce good humeral immune response in vaccinated animals. Culture filtrate vaccine used as a treatment in infected farm animals by two doses within 2 weeks and noted that healing occurred.

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“…Although post‐vaccine clinical signs resemble virulent dermatophytosis, it is considered that these lesions are harmless but not contagious and self‐limiting, disappearing after 2–4 weeks (Lund & Deboer, 2008). Other virulence properties are assumed to stimulate the protective immune response to the vaccine (Lund & Deboer, 2008; Rybnikář et al, 2008; Wawrzkiewicz & Wawrzkiewicz, 1992). Gudding and Lund (1995) have suggested that mimicking natural infection leads to development of fully protective immunity, and cell‐mediated immune response is crucial for acquisition of sufficient immunity against ringworm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dermatophytosis is commonly considered to be a self‐limiting disease and its course of duration usually varies from 4 to 12 weeks (Radostits, Gay, Hinchcliff, & Constable, 2006). Appropriate treatment or vaccination may shorten the period with clinical signs (Wawrzkiewicz & Wawrzkiewicz, 1992) and significantly reduce the epidemiological risk of infection spread (Lund et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of genotyping methods in the investigation of sources of dermatophytosis associated with vaccination in cattle

Łagowski

Gnat

Nowakiewicz

et al. 2020

Annals of Applied Biology

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Vaccines against trichophytosis introduced over 60 years ago contributed to a significant reduction in the prevalence of dermatophyte infections on cattle farms. Currently, vaccination is not obligatory but commonly used and recommended by veterinarians, which is associated with the renaissance of dermatophyte infections in farm animals. Importantly, vaccine administration may cause clinical lesions imitating a virulent form of dermatophytosis. Correct determination of a possible correlation of superficial changes with the vaccine strain plays a key role in taking therapeutic measures. In this study, the usefulness of genotyping methods (melting‐point‐PCR and amplified fragment length polymorphism) in identification of the source of dermatophyte infection in cases correlated with vaccine administration is examined. The results revealed that dermatophytes isolated from skin lesions in calves temporarily associated with vaccine administration had an identical electrophoretic profile with the vaccine strain and differed from the reference strain of Trichophyton verrucosum CBS365.53. In conclusion, genotyping methods are a useful tool for rapid and reliable identification of the vaccine source of superficial lesions in calves. Their high resolution, speed of execution and low costs are undoubted advantages in the implementation for routine use in similar cases of dermatophyte infections.

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An inactivated vaccine against ringworm

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Specific cell-mediated immune response in rabbits immunised and infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes

Specific cell-mediated immune response in rabbits immunised and infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes

EVALUATION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO <i>T. VERRUCOSUM</i> VACCINES

Application of genotyping methods in the investigation of sources of dermatophytosis associated with vaccination in cattle

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