An In Vitro Study to elucidate the Effects of Artemisia afra, Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) and SeptilinTM on Immune Pathways

Hoosen, Mujeeb; Pool, Edmund John

doi:10.31344/ijhhs.v3i3.91

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Several in vitro and in vivo studies on the individual ingredients of Septilin TM were conducted on various models with varying effects on NO activity. Commiphora mukul, Rubia cordifolia, Emblica officinalis and Moringa pterygosperma has shown decreased NO secretion in previous studies 55,56 . Most studies of Tinospora cordifolia reported increased NO production.…”

Section: Immunomodulatory Studies On Septilin Tmmentioning

confidence: 77%

The Immunomodulatory, Nitric Oxide and Cytokine activity of SeptilinTM

Hoosen

2019

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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Objective: Herbal immunomodulatory preparations are increasing in popularity. In vitro, in vivo and clinical trial studies are needed to ensure safety, quality and efficacy of these herbal medicines. SeptilinTM, a proprietary herbal medicinal product has been reported to have immunomodulatory effects. Methods: For this narrative review the author surveyed the primary literature on SeptilinTM and its ingredients with regards to immunomodulatory, nitric oxide (NO) and cytokine activity. Databases utilized included Pubmed, Science Direct and EBSCO, Google Scholar as well as a hand search through journals and bibliographies was included. English language restriction was observed. The following parameters had to be met for study inclusion: investigations on SeptilinTM as a formulation (liquid or dried form) were accepted. Research on the isolated constituents of SeptilinTM (single herbs) was also accepted. The accepted model types included; in vitro and in vivo, animal and human models. The following were also required; method of preparation of the SeptilinTM, concentration of the plant preparation and dose/exposure time. Only studies providing statistically significant results with regards to immunomodulatory, cytokine and nitric oxide activity were included. Results: SeptilinTM and its ingredients had effects on at least one cytokine. The most frequently studied cytokines were IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, TNF, and IFN. Many studies also reported on NO activities. SeptilinTM and its ingredients demonstrated modulation of several cytokines with varying results on NO activity. The bulk of studies conducted on SeptilinTM and its ingredients were in vitro, the few in vivo studies were mainly conducted in rats or mice models with a few studies conducted on humans. Conclusion: The in vitro and in vivo research demonstrates that SeptilinTM and its ingredients modulate the secretion of multiple cytokines and NO with varying effects on cytokine and NO secretion due to divergent research methodologies. The reported therapeutic success of these herbal products by natural medicine practitioners and clinicians may be due to their effects on cytokine and NO activity. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(4) 2019 p.675-688

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Section: Immunomodulatory Studies On Septilin Tmmentioning

confidence: 77%

The Immunomodulatory, Nitric Oxide and Cytokine activity of SeptilinTM

Hoosen

2019

Bangladesh J Med Sci

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“…Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) has gained popularity globally as an accepted nutraceutical. The health-promoting benefits of Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) have been confirmed in several in vitro and in vivo studies 16 . There are consistent reports on the safety of Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…One study suggested that the minor component of Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) quercetin, is implicated in its possible mutagenic effects. However these effects were seen in concentration of 220-230 times more than that of the normal tea drinking quantities 16 . Aspalathin found in certain Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) extracts has been suggested to have anti-diabetic effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

The Effects of Aspalathus linearis (Rooibos Tea) on Nitric Oxide (NO) and Cytokine Activity

Hoosen

2019

Int. J. Hum. Health Sci.

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African plants have been used for medicinal purposes for many centuries. Many of these African medicinal plants are assumed to be safe but have yet to be scientifically validated. Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) is a commercialised South African tea recognised for its phytopharmaceutical potential. Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) has been gaining popularity globally for its health benefits and accepted as a nutraceutical due to the growing evidence of its efficacy. The bioactive constituents found in Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) have been reported to exert both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity however a few in vitro studies has suggested otherwise. Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) has shown to modify the actions of the immune system by influencing the regulation of messenger molecules like cytokines and nitric oxide however most of these studies have been conducted in vitro with a very few studies reaching in vivo application. Divergent in vitro cell models has shown to produce varying results regarding cytokine and nitric oxide NO activity of Aspalathus linearis (rooibos). This review highlights recent studies on the (NO) and cytokine activities of Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) both in vitro and in vivo. Most studies report on its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity however a few in vitro studies suggests opposite effects which should be considered for prolonged use especially when prescribed in a supplementation form. Many studies have looked at aspects of safety and toxicity of Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) however no complete toxicological studies have been done as yet.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 03 No. 03 July’19. Page: 150-157

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“…In South Africa Artemisia afra is a well-known herbal medicine used for various inflammatory conditions. [20][21][22][23] Hypertensives have higher interleukin-6 as per a study from Boston as shown by this graph…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%