An In-Vitro Study for Early Detection and to Distinguish Breast and Lung Malignancies Using the Pcb Technology Based Nanodosimeter

Abstract

Since the early detection of cancer increases the chance of successful treatment, the present study focused to confirm the suitability of an indigenously fabricated multilayer PCB technology based 3D positive ion detector to detect breast and lung malignancy at an early stage. The 3D positive ion detector is a type of gas filled radiation detector works under the principle of ion induced ionization using an exempted micro curie activity source. Earlier studies report that malignant cells can be detected by analyzing the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) exhaled by those cells that serve as eminent biomarkers for malignant detection. Based on this, the present study analyzed the signals produced in the detector by VOCs exhaled from 140 biopsy tissue samples that include tissue of normal and all stages of breast and lung malignancy. To strengthen the present data, the normal and advanced breast and lung malignant tissues were also analyzed using the Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). From this study, it is confirmed that the present 3D positive ion detector can be used to detect both breast and lung malignancy and also to distinguish them based on the variation in four basic physical parameters of the output pulse such as frequency, amplitude, rise time and fall time and four derived parameters of the pulse such as FWHM, area of the pulse, ionization cluster size, and ion drift time.

Volatile Organic Compounds Analysis as a Potential Novel Screening Tool for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review

“…It should be noted that variation in the form of tissue samples could affect headspace extraction and consequently the repeatability of the measurements. Additionally, the available tissue samples used 61 , 79 were rather small (~10 mg or 100 mg respectively), which potentially influence the sensitivity of the analytical method employed and thereby the recognition of volatiles in trace concentrations.…”

Compuestos orgánicos volátiles exhalados: ¿eficaces para detectar cáncer de mama?

“…De los análisis de COV provenientes de líneas celulares, se identificaron cinco estudios basados en la experimentación in vitro de líneas celulares y biopsia de tejido mamario maligno. En cuatro estudios se empleó la línea celular MCF-7 [16][17][18][19] , en dos estudios utilizaron las células MDA-MB-231 [17][18][19] y en un estudio utilizaron biopsias de tejido mamario maligno 20 . Como resultado, se obtuvieron 72 COV agrupados en su mayoría en alcoholes, cetonas, alcanos y aldehídos (Fig.…”

3D-MID Technology for Surface Modification of Polymer-Based Composites: A Comprehensive Review

“…MID technology has become well-known because of its freedom of geometric design in combination with selective structuring and metallization of 3D layout. It is able to define the angle between components, stacking of chips and foaming of cavities in contrast to the traditional printed circuit boards (PCBs) that are two-dimensional one [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Moreover, MIDs not only reduce the number of components and the cost by the embedding parts such as connector within a single device but also may save space and shorten assembly time.…”