An in vitro model of fibroblast activity and adhesion formation during flexor tendon healing

Packer, David L.; Dombi, George W.; Ping, Yu; Zidel, Paul; Sullivan, Walter G.

doi:10.1016/0363-5023(94)90181-3

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This contraction underlies events such as the cellular reorganization that occurs during wound healing. Tendon fibroblasts in a collagen gel exert mechanical force on the collagen matrix, resulting in local gel contraction (Packer et al, 1994). In a similar manner, chick embryonic fibroblasts contract in response to mitogenic stimulation (Kolodney and Elson, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the Nicotinic Receptor α7 Gene in Tendon and Periosteum During Early Development

Romano

Corriveau

Schwarz

et al. 1997

Journal of Neurochemistry

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One of the most abundant nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems is a species that contains the α7 gene product, binds α‐bungarotoxin with high affinity, and has a high relative permeability to calcium. The α7 gene is also expressed at low levels in embryonic muscle tissue. We show here that the α7 gene is expressed in tendon fibroblasts and periosteal cells during development. In situ hybridizations identify α7 transcripts in tissue sections containing embryonic tendon and periosteum. RNase protection experiments demonstrate α7 mRNA in primary tendon cells grown in culture. Immunofluorescence with subunit‐specific monoclonal antibodies reveals α7 protein in embryonic tendon. Immunoprecipitation assays with the antibodies indicate that the α7‐containing species in tendon is capable of binding α‐bungarotoxin and that a similar species can be identified at low levels on the surface of fibroblasts in culture. The results show that the α7 gene product is expressed in a range of tissues, including cells thought to be nonexcitable. The distribution of α7 expression early in development and the ability of α7‐containing receptors to elevate intracellular calcium suggest that the gene may influence a variety of calcium‐dependent events during embryogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the Nicotinic Receptor α7 Gene in Tendon and Periosteum During Early Development

Romano

Corriveau

Schwarz

et al. 1997

Journal of Neurochemistry

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“…In 1994, Packer and colleagues [38] described an in vitro model to study fibroblast activity during tendon healing. Later, Bernard-Beaubois and colleagues [39] were the first to culture and characterize the rabbit tenocytes in vitro , and Schulze-Tanzil and colleagues [40] established a three-dimensional high-density culture system for cultivation of human tenocytes for tissue engineering.…”

Section: Basic Science Of Platelet-rich Plasma Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet-rich plasma therapy - future or trend?

2012

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Chronic complex musculoskeletal injuries that are slow to heal pose challenges to physicians and researchers alike. Orthobiologics is a relatively newer science that involves application of naturally found materials from biological sources (for example, cell-based therapies), and offers exciting new possibilities to promote and accelerate bone and soft tissue healing. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an orthobiologic that has recently gained popularity as an adjuvant treatment for musculoskeletal injuries. It is a volume of fractionated plasma from the patient's own blood that contains platelet concentrate. The platelets contain alpha granules that are rich in several growth factors, such as platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor-β, insulin-like growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor, which play key roles in tissue repair mechanisms. PRP has found application in diverse surgical fields to enhance bone and soft-tissue healing by placing supra-physiological concentrations of autologous platelets at the site of tissue damage. The relative ease of preparation, applicability in the clinical setting, favorable safety profile and possible beneficial outcome make PRP a promising therapeutic approach for future regenerative treatments. However, there is a large knowledge gap in our understanding of PRPs mechanism of action, which has raised skepticism regarding its potential efficacy and use. Thus, the aim of this review is to describe the various factors proposed to contribute to the biological activity of PRP, and the published pre-clinical and clinical evidence to support it. Additionally, we describe the current techniques and technology for PRP preparation, and review the present shortcomings of this therapy that will need to be overcome if it is to gain broad acceptance.

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“…Many in vivo animal studies have been performed on the ability of tendon to repair following laceration, transection and other models of injury [ 4 - 7 ]. A large number of in vitro studies on animal and human tendon have also been performed [ 1 , 2 , 8 , 9 ]. The roles of many factors in tendon repair have been examined, including cell proliferation and DNA synthesis [ 10 , 11 ], collagen [ 11 ], noncollagenous protein [ 12 ] and proteoglycan synthesis [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2002

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252 ACL = anterior cruciate ligament; bFGF = basic fibroblast growth factor; FDP = flexor digitorum profundus; TGF = transforming growth factor; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGFR = vascular endothelial growth factor receptor. Arthritis Research Vol 4 No 4 Fenwick et al. IntroductionEvidence exists that tendon repair can occur either intrinsically via the resident tenocytes [1,2] or via extrinsic mechanisms, whereby cells from the surrounding sheath or synovium invade the tissue [3]. It seems likely that both mechanisms occur, although the involvement of external cells depends on the site of injury and vascular perfusion. Many in vivo animal studies have been performed on the ability of tendon to repair following laceration, transection and other models of injury [4][5][6][7]. A large number of in vitro studies on animal and human tendon have also been performed [1,2,8,9]. The roles of many factors in tendon repair have been examined, including cell proliferation and DNA synthesis [10,11], collagen [11], noncollagenous protein [12] and proteoglycan synthesis [13]. Intratendinous degenerative change is strongly associated with both chronic tendinopathies and spontaneous tendon rupture [14][15][16][17].Degeneration and subsequent rupture of tendons has been associated with hypovascularity of specific regions within certain tendons [18,19]. A permanent disruption of the central blood vessels to normal tendons has been shown to cause cellular death and disintegration of collagen bundles [20]. Contradictory to this, however, would appear to be the finding that in many cases of chronic tendinopathy that have been examined histologically, there is an 'angiofibroblastic' response, and the presence of many large blood vessels [21][22][23]. The presence of blood vessels was not considered to be an indication of tissue repair [22]. What then is the role of a proliferative vasculature in the damaged tendon?The aim of this review is to discuss the importance of the vasculature in tendon damage and repair, and what is known about factors that regulate changes in the vasculature of what is normally a sparsely vascularised tissue. Tendon vasculatureDuring development, tendons are highly cellular and metabolically active, and are thus supplied with a rich capillary network [20]. Mature tendons, however, are poorly vascularised [24][25][26]; tendon nutrition is more reliant on synovial fluid diffusion than vascular perfusion [27], although they do have more blood vessels than is commonly accepted. Like any other connective tissue, tendon does not undergo neovascularisation under normal circum- ReviewThe vasculature and its role in the damaged and healing tendon AbstractTendon pathology has many manifestations, from spontaneous rupture to chronic tendinitis or tendinosis; the etiology and pathology of each are very different, and poorly understood. Tendon is a comparatively poorly vascularised tissue that relies heavily upon synovial fluid diffusion to provide nutrition. During tendon injury, as with damage to any t...

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An in vitro model of fibroblast activity and adhesion formation during flexor tendon healing

Cited by 18 publications

References 9 publications

Expression of the Nicotinic Receptor α7 Gene in Tendon and Periosteum During Early Development

Expression of the Nicotinic Receptor α7 Gene in Tendon and Periosteum During Early Development

Platelet-rich plasma therapy - future or trend?

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