An in vitro Evaluation of AOP Versus Chemical Based Poultry Water Sanitizers for Residual and Efficacy over Time

Maharjan, Pramir; Cox, Samantha Renee; Clark, T.; Watkins, S. E.

doi:10.3923/ijps.2015.506.510

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The result of this study has revealed significant changes in host immune biomarkers with different degrees of severity observed depending on the treatment groups. Findings of weight loss, dehydration, emaciation, and ruffled fur observed during the experiment may be due to decreased water intake as a direct consequence of poor palatability of the inferior quality of the drinking water provided to the mice (Maharjan et al, 2016). The turbidity and TSS levels of water cause decreased palatability and less consumption (Bilotta et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Change in Immune Biomarkers of Laboratory Mice Responding to Experimental Inoculation of Different Drinking Water Quality from Selected Dairy Farms

Jesse,

Naidu,

Paul

et al. 2023

MAB

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Current knowledge of abnormal physiological responses in livestock due to consumption of substandard water is limited. This study was designed to explore the host cell responses in mice orally inoculated with different drinking water qualities from selected dairy cattle farms. A total of 28 female mice used in this study were divided into Group 1- negative control (treated with sterile deionized distilled water), Group 2 - treated with good quality water sample, Group 3 - treated with moderate quality water sample, and Group 4 - treated with unsatisfactory quality water sample. All the mice were given 0.25 mL of water samples three times daily for 30 days. Blood samples were collected from all mice before euthanasia at 30 days post-inoculation for reproductive hormones and biomarkers analyses. All treatment groups showed significant (p<0.05) weight loss compared to the control group. There was a significant difference in the serum immunoglobulin-G (IgG), immunoglobulin-M (IgM), interleukin-12 (IL-12), haptoglobin (Hp), and serum amyloid A (SAA) profiles of mice among the different water quality treatments as compared to the control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, the host cell responses exhibited by the mice in the treatment groups indicates a high risk of potential negative effect on the production and health of the livestock due to long-term consumption of drinking water with subpar quality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Change in Immune Biomarkers of Laboratory Mice Responding to Experimental Inoculation of Different Drinking Water Quality from Selected Dairy Farms

Jesse,

Naidu,

Paul

et al. 2023

MAB

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“…Several studies have suggested that microbes form biofilms in poultry water systems [5,6]. Despite clean water supplies, biofilm formation can still occur [7]. Pathogens often appear in biofilms [8], which remains a challenge for the next flock of birds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual contamination and biofilm formation by opportunistic pathogens Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in poultry houses isolated from drinking water systems, fans, and floors.

Ibrahim

Khalefa

Mubarak

2023

Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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T HIS study demonstrated that some bacteria could form biofilms and detect microbial residues. Two broiler housing facilities at Giza Governorate were investigated for microbiological status during production cycle days 7, 21, and 31, and after disinfection. 27 water samples were taken: 18 using the sponge stick method from water lines, 3 from major water sources, and 6 from the cooling pad water. Additionally, 25 dust samples were collected from fans and house floors. The samples were analyzed for aerobic bacteria, coliforms, pseudomonas, fungi, and yeast. After disinfection, 18 swab samples were taken from water lines, floors, and fans to assess residual microbial counts and biofilm. Generally, the counts of microorganisms were higher at the entrance of water lines compared to the end. Total colony counts (TCC) were 342 and 23.99 CFU per 10 6 /20 cm2, total coliform counts (TCFC) were 36 and 0.97 CFU per 10 6 /20 cm2, pseudomonas counts were 257.50 and 12.61 CFU per 10 6 /20 cm2, and fungal counts (TFC) were 10.65 and 1.97 CFU per 10 5 /20 cm2, respectively. Additionally, the highest number of colonies was discovered at 31 days (3,375 and 2,145 CFU per 10 6 g from the floors and fans, respectively). After disinfection, a variety of bacteria were found; the predominant bacteria were identified using VITEK 2, and they included Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis. Forty-five percent of the isolates that created a moderate biofilm were P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae, which could pose a risk to animal health in subsequent production cycles.

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Biofilm growth on polyvinylchloride surface incubated in suboptimal microbial warm water and effect of sanitizers on biofilm removal post biofilm formation

Maharjan¹,

Huff

Wen

et al. 2017

Poultry Science

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An in vitro experiment was conducted to understand the nature of biofilm growth on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) surface when exposed to suboptimal-quality microbial water (>4 log cfu/mL) obtained from a poultry drinking water source mimicking water in waterlines during the first week of poultry brooding condition. PVC sections (internal surface area of 15.16 cm) were utilized in the study to grow biofilm. After a 7-d test period, test coupons with 7-day-old biofilm were transferred into autoclaved municipal water and then treated with either chlorine-based or hydrogen peroxide-based sanitizer at bird drinking water rate, to see the impact on removal of biofilm formed on test coupons. Two trials (T1 and T2) were conducted. Test coupons used in T1 and T2 had the bacterial growth of 3.67 (SEM 0.04) and 3.97 (SEM 0.11) log cfu/cm on d 7. After sanitizer application, chlorine-based sanitizer removed bacteria in biofilm completely (0 cfu/cm) within 24 h post treatment whereas hydrogen peroxide-based sanitizer reduced the counts to 1.68 log cfu/cm (P < 0.05) by 48 h post sanitizer application. Control remained the same (P > 0.05). Results indicated that biofilm formation can occur quickly under suboptimal water condition on PVC surface, and sanitizer application helped mitigate already formed biofilm, yet chlorine proved to be more effective than hydrogen peroxide.

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An in vitro Evaluation of AOP Versus Chemical Based Poultry Water Sanitizers for Residual and Efficacy over Time

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Change in Immune Biomarkers of Laboratory Mice Responding to Experimental Inoculation of Different Drinking Water Quality from Selected Dairy Farms

Change in Immune Biomarkers of Laboratory Mice Responding to Experimental Inoculation of Different Drinking Water Quality from Selected Dairy Farms

Residual contamination and biofilm formation by opportunistic pathogens Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in poultry houses isolated from drinking water systems, fans, and floors.

Biofilm growth on polyvinylchloride surface incubated in suboptimal microbial warm water and effect of sanitizers on biofilm removal post biofilm formation

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