An Improved Two-Port Transmission Line Permittivity and Permeability Determination Method With Shorted Sample

Houtz, Derek; Gu, Dazhen; Walker, D. A.

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2016.2606389

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The former encompasses a series of methodologies that use a voltage standing wave in frequency domain, as a result of an incident and reflected signal. Depending on the distinguishing parameter selected, some establish relationship between permittivity and resonance frequency [25,38,39], whereas other relate the permittivity with the reflection and transmission coefficient [40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49]. Regarding capacitance techniques, the permittivity of the medium is determined by measuring the charge time of a capacitor which modifies the operating frequency of an oscillator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Calibration of a Low-Cost SDI-12 Soil Moisture Sensor

González-Teruel

Torres-Sánchez

Blaya-Ros

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Water is the main limiting factor in agricultural production as well as a scarce resource that needs to be optimized. The measurement of soil water with sensors is an efficient way for optimal irrigation management. However, commercial sensors are still too expensive for most farmers. This paper presents the design, development and calibration of a new capacitive low-cost soil moisture sensor that incorporates SDI-12 communication, allowing one to select the calibration equation for different soils. The sensor was calibrated in three different soils and its variability and accuracy were evaluated. Lower but cost-compensated accuracy was observed in comparing it with commercial sensors. Field tests have demonstrated the temperature influence on the sensor and its capability to efficiently detect irrigation and rainfall events.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Calibration of a Low-Cost SDI-12 Soil Moisture Sensor

González-Teruel

Torres-Sánchez

Blaya-Ros

et al. 2019

Sensors

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“…There are several techniques for characterizing dielectric material properties, such as relative permittivity and loss tangent, at the RF and microwave spectrum. In recent years, a lot of research activities have been aiming at improving the accuracy and sensitivity of material characterization, especially at frequencies below 50 GHz [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. However, very few contributions attempt to characterize dielectric and semiconductor materials at the millimeter-wave and THz frequency bands [18][19][20][21][22], [27], which are becoming increasingly important in various applications in sciences and engineering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, very few contributions attempt to characterize dielectric and semiconductor materials at the millimeter-wave and THz frequency bands [18][19][20][21][22], [27], which are becoming increasingly important in various applications in sciences and engineering. Even so, there are currently only six commercial material characterization techniques available to date [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] and only two of which are suitable at the frequencies above 50 GHz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The free-space technique is also bulky and complicated to setup, requiring experienced personnel to establish accurate and well-controlled measurement environments. The conventional transmission-line technique [6][7][8][9], using an MUT sample placed inside a hollow rectangular metal waveguide, is a broadband characterization method operating up to 1.1 THz [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], [27], covering both low-loss and high-loss materials. However, above millimeter-wave frequencies, the size of the waveguide becomes very small, complicating the MUT sample preparation and measurement setup, since the MUT must be inserted fully inside the hollow waveguide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-modal millimeter-wave sensors for plastic polymer material characterization

Chudpooti

Doychinov

Hong

et al. 2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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This paper presents, for the first time, a multimodal sensor for characterizing relative permittivity of plastic polymers by integrating in a single sensor (1) frequency-reconfigurable resonance technique at 98 and 100 GHz, and (2) 80-100-GHz broadband modified transmission-line technique. The sensor is designed based on a custom-made WR-10 waveguide featuring dual rectangular Complementary Split-Ring Resonators (CSRRs). By loading the CSRRs with a Material-Under-Test (MUT), the reflected and transmitted electromagnetic waves propagating inside the waveguide are changed depending on the dielectric properties of the material. Various plastic polymer materials, e.g. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE), are characterized. The sensor in this paper offers various key advantages over any state-of-the-art material characterization techniques at millimeter-wave frequencies, e.g. multiple characterization techniques integrated in a single device, miniaturization, much higher tolerance to changes in the measurement environment, ease of design and fabrication, and better cost effectiveness.

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“…However, extracted ε r μ r are stable near the resonance frequencies. That has been presented by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in References 9 and 11. In this letter, the ε r shown in Equation ) is equal to ε r μ r since the materials under test are dielectric.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Determination of unique and stable complex permittivity of granular materials from transmission and reflection measurements

Yang

2020

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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Measurement of complex permittivity of granular materials is important for varying services, such as remote sensing, telemetry, etc. In the literature, various techniques have been proposed to determine complex permittivity of granular materials sandwiched between two low‐loss spacers from transmission and reflection measurements. However, the determined results are non‐unique and resonant at some frequencies. In this article, a technique is proposed to determine unique and stable complex permittivity of granular materials. The application steps of the proposed are clearly presented. The grain and soil sandwiched between two polyvinyl chloride (PVC) spacers are measured in the X‐band to validate the proposed technique. In order to show the advantages of the proposed technique, a 140 mm X‐band waveguide blocked by two acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastic (ABS) with thickness of 2 mm is measured.

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An Improved Two-Port Transmission Line Permittivity and Permeability Determination Method With Shorted Sample

Cited by 35 publications

References 13 publications

Design and Calibration of a Low-Cost SDI-12 Soil Moisture Sensor

Design and Calibration of a Low-Cost SDI-12 Soil Moisture Sensor

Multi-modal millimeter-wave sensors for plastic polymer material characterization

Determination of unique and stable complex permittivity of granular materials from transmission and reflection measurements

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