“…Species in ecosystems rarely live in isolation, but depend on different types of interactions to coexist with other species, such as trophic, competitive, and mutualistic interactions (Godoy, 2019 ). The combined effects of different interactions between species have been shown to play an important role in, but not limited to, maintaining ecosystem stability (Rohr et al., 2014 ; Thébault & Fontaine, 2010 ; Xu et al., 2023 ), species diversity (Losapio et al., 2021 ; Pascual‐García & Bastolla, 2017 ), co‐evolution (Bronstein, 2009 ; Guimaraes et al., 2017 ), and species invasion (Duan et al., 2022 ; Legault et al., 2020 ). The study of the coexistence of specialist and generalist species under different types of interactions can not only help to understand the universal characteristics of species interactions but also significantly improve our understanding of the division of ecological functions among species (Pasquaretta & Jeanson, 2018 ).…”