An Improved Sing-Around System for Ultrasonic Velocity Measurements

Forgacs, R. L.

doi:10.1109/ire-i.1960.5006950

Cited by 51 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The inside gold-plated faces were earthed by a thin aluminium foil placed under the edge of the transducer. The transit times of the ultrasonic waves were determined absolutely at 273.15 K by the ultrasonic pulse superposition technique and at other temperatures by the sing-around method, similar to that described by Forgacs (1960), relative to the value at 273.15 K. The cryostat and thermometer used have previously been described by Gluyas et a1 (1970). It was found that the absolute transit time could be determined to within better than 0.1 % and the changes in sing-around period could be detected to within 1 part in 106.…”

Section: Ultrasonic Velocity Measurements and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this investigation the velocities of eleven ultrasonic waves in five specimens have been measured by the 'sing-around' method (Forgacs 1960) from 4-2 to 300K. The elastic constants have been calculated from the velocities by two different methods, and an analysis of these data together with complementary heat capacity and thermal expansion data is reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The elastic constants of calcium tungstate, 4$middot$2-300 K

Gluyas

Hughes

James

1973

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The temperature dependences from 4·2 to 300 K of the seven adiabatic elastic constants of CaWO4 have been determined by measurements of ultrasound wave velocities using the `sing-around' and pulse superposition methods. The adiabatic elastic constants have been calculated from the measured ultrasound wave velocities by a perturbation method using just seven of the eleven measured velocities and by an iterative method using all the measured velocities; agreement has been found between the two sets of values. The complementary data on the thermal expansion and heat capacity at constant pressure of CaWO4 have been used with the present results to find the isothermal elastic constants, the heat capacity at constant volume, the Grüneisen parameters, and the Debye characteristic temperature at 0 K. The Debye characteristic temperature has been found from the heat capacity at constant volume from 10 to 300 K after subtraction of the Einstein heat capacity terms from the total heat capacity.

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Section: Ultrasonic Velocity Measurements and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The elastic constants of calcium tungstate, 4$middot$2-300 K

Gluyas

Hughes

James

1973

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…In most cases transit times were measured by the 'sing-around' technique using an electronic system very similar to that described by Forgacs [3]. If the system is 'singing' on the n-th cycle of the m-th echo then, provided the transducer bonds are thin enough, the sing-around period T(m, n), which is measured by a counter-timer, is given by where t is the true time for a single transit of the specimen, f is the frequency of the ultrasonic waves, and t, represents essentially electronic delay.…”

Section: Measurement Of Ultrasonic Transit Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐Temperature Elastic Constants and Specific Heats of F.C.C. Nickel–Iron Alloys

Bower

Claridge

Tsong

1968

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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The elastic constants of some single crystal specimens of nickel and f.c.0. nickel-iron alloys have been measured a t 4.2 O K and used to calculate values of the Debye temperatures. It is shown that by using these to re-analyse some earlier specific heat measurements values of the spin-wave contributions to the specific heats are obtained that are in good agreement with estimates made on the basis of small-angle neutron scattering measurements of the exchange stiffnesses.Die Elastizititsmoduli einiger Nickeleinkristalle und kubisch fliichenzentrierter NickelEisen-Legierungen wurden bei 4,2 ' K gemessen und zur Berechnung der Debye-Temperaturen benutzt. Es wird gezeigt, daS diese Werte bei der erneuten Analyse einiger friiherer Messungen der spezifischen Wiirme Werte des Beitrags von Spinwellen zur spezifischen Wiirme ergeben, die gut mit Abschiitzungen ubereinstimmen, die auf der Grundlage von Messungen der Austauschsteifigkeit durch Kleinwinkel-Neutronenstreuung gemacht wurden.

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“…Electrical contact to the gold-plated face of the transducer next to the specimen was made by a thin aluminium foil placed partly under the transducer, and electrical contact to the outer gold-plated face was made by a light phosphor-bronze spring. The transit times of the ultrasonic waves were determined absolutely near the melting point of ice by the ultrasonic pulse superposition technique (McSkimin 1961), and at other temperatures by a sing-around method similar to that described by Forgacs (1960). The measurements were made in the cryostat described by Gluyas et a1 (1970) using the thermometer described by Gluyas et a1 (1975).…”

Section: The Ultrasonic Velocity Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The elastic constants of sodium bromate from 150 to 300K

Gluyas

Hunter

James

1975

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The elastic constants c11,c12 and c44 of sodium bromate have been calculated from measurements of the velocities of 10 MHz ultrasonic waves transmitted through a single crystal specimen in the following directions: longitudinal waves transmitted in the (100) and (111) directions, and shear waves transmitted in the (111) direction. The measurements have been made over the range 150-300K. The results have been extrapolated to 0K to permit the calculation of the Debye characteristic temperature which at 0K was found to be 238K.

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An Improved Sing-Around System for Ultrasonic Velocity Measurements

Cited by 51 publications

References 7 publications

The elastic constants of calcium tungstate, 4$middot$2-300 K

The elastic constants of calcium tungstate, 4$middot$2-300 K

Low‐Temperature Elastic Constants and Specific Heats of F.C.C. Nickel–Iron Alloys

The elastic constants of sodium bromate from 150 to 300K

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