An Improved Oxidation of an Alcohol Using Aqueous Permanganate and Phase-Transfer Catalyst

Abstract

The oxidation of a primary alcohol to the corresponding carboxylic acid via permanganate and phase-transfer catalyst has been modified to circumvent impurity formation incurred during the reaction. A safe, simple, and efficient process was developed which gave the required carboxylic acid in 77% isolated yield using sodium permanganate in the presence of tetraethylammonium hydrogen sulphate.

An Efficient Iron(III)‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Aldehydes in Water for the Green Preparation of Carboxylic Acids

“…[1] Although carboxylic acids are readily obtained in the laboratory by oxidation of the corresponding aldehydes,highly efficient and environmentally benign transformations of aldehydes into carboxylic acids still remain challenging. [2] Even today,t he majority of these oxidation reactions require stoichiometric amounts of hazardous oxidants such as KMnO 4 , [3] CrO 3 , [4] KHSO 5 , [5] KIO 4 , [6] etc., and often take place in harmful solvents (Figure 1a). Thus, environmentally benign oxidization protocols are greatly desired.…”

An Efficient Iron(III)‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Aldehydes in Water for the Green Preparation of Carboxylic Acids

“…Although carboxylic acids are readily obtained in the laboratory by oxidation of the corresponding aldehydes, highly efficient and environmentally benign transformations of aldehydes into carboxylic acids still remain challenging . Even today, the majority of these oxidation reactions require stoichiometric amounts of hazardous oxidants such as KMnO 4 , CrO 3 , KHSO 5 , KIO 4 , etc., and often take place in harmful solvents (Figure a). Thus, environmentally benign oxidization protocols are greatly desired.…”

Palladium supported on a novel ordered mesoporous polypyrrole/carbon nanocomposite as a powerful heterogeneous catalyst for the aerobic oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids and ketones on water

“…6,7 Global production of aryl carboxylic acids is estimated to be more than 620 kilotons by 2023. 8 However, large scale synthesis of these carbonyl compounds still relies on the oxidation of alcohols with stoichiometric amounts of hazardous and expensive oxidants, 9,10 such as permanganate, chromate and chlorite in halogenated solvents, resulting in the generation of the signicant amounts of waste materials. Therefore, the development of mild, safe and environmentally friendly catalytic approaches based on the use of green reagents and solvents, and especially using molecular oxygen as a clean, atom economic and sustainable oxidizing reagent would provide noteworthy alternatives to the traditional oxidation methods.…”