An improved hydrocarbon generation potential method for quantifying hydrocarbon generation and expulsion characteristics with application example of Paleogene Shahejie Formation, Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

Wang, Enze; Liu, Guoyong; Pang, Xiongqi; Li, Changrong; Zhao, Zhengfu; Yuan, Feng; Wu, Zhuoya

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.104106

Cited by 52 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The reserves of conventional petroleum in the Nanpu Sag are decreasing, and unconventional petroleum resources have become targets for further exploration. In recent years, many oil wells in the Gaoshangpu structural belt have yielded industrial oil flow rates in tight reservoirs of the third member of the Upper Palaeogene Shahejie Formation (Es 3 ), such as that of well G166X3 at 4899.6–4,916.4 m. From this well, 23.45 m 3 oil per day have been tapped using a choke of 8 mm, which demonstrates the tight oil prospect of the Nanpu Sag (Wang et al, 2020). In this context, Es 3 , as the primary source rock of the Nanpu Sag, has become the target of tight petroleum resource.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The Nanpu Sag is in the Bohai Bay Basin (Chen et al, 2016; Guo et al, 2013; Wang et al, 2020; Zhu et al, 2013). The reserves of conventional petroleum in the Nanpu Sag are decreasing, and unconventional petroleum resources have become targets for further exploration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have been conducted on Es 3 , including the characteristics and diagenesis evolution of sandstone reservoirs, source rock assessments, and petroleum system resource evaluation (Gao, Zhang, Li, & Yu, 2016; Wang et al, 2020; Wang, Pang, et al, 2019; Wang, Liu, Pang, Li, Wu, 2020; Zheng, Dong, Zhu, Wang, & Xiong, 2007). However, the hydrocarbon expulsion characteristics of source rocks and the relationship between the phase of hydrocarbon expulsion and the sandstone reservoir densification is less well‐understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the hydrocarbon expulsion characteristics of source rocks and the relationship between the phase of hydrocarbon expulsion and the sandstone reservoir densification is less well‐understood. It is widely accepted that source rock and its hydrocarbon generation and expulsion characteristics are critical factors for tight oil accumulation (Banerjee, Jha, & Mittal, 2000; Katz, 2001; Katz, 2005; Leythaeuser, Schaefer, & Radke, 1988; Wang et al, 2020). Moreover, the relationship between the phase of hydrocarbon expulsion of source rocks and sandstone reservoir densification has great significance on the genetic type and enrichment of tight petroleum systems (Guo, Lyu, & Zhang, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hydrocarbon generation potential model is a useful tool for analysing the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion characteristics and has been applied in many petroliferous basins in China (Bai et al, 2016; Hu et al, 2016; Jiang et al, 2016; Pang, Li, Li, & Jin, 2005; Peng et al, 2016; Wang et al, 2020). This method can be used to quantify the amount of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion of source rocks, to avoid inaccurate evaluation of resources caused by experimental simulation error.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic geochemistry, hydrocarbon generation, and expulsion characteristics and their impact on tight oil: A case study of the third member of the Upper Palaeogene Shahejie Formation, Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, NE China

Pang

Wang

et al. 2020

Geological Journal

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In recent years, exploration of tight oil in the Nanpu Sag has made significant progress in the third member of the Upper Palaeogene Shahejie Formation (Es3) in the Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, Northeast China, showing excellent prospects. However, owing to insufficient understanding of the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion characteristics of Es3 source rocks and their matching relationship with the reservoir tightening time, the genetic type and resource potential of tight oil systems are not precise, which limits the further exploration of tight oil. In this study, the geological and geochemical characteristics of Es3 source rock are identified through a comprehensive geological and organic geochemistry analysis. In addition, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion patterns are established using a hydrocarbon generation potential model. On the basis of these results, combined with sandstone reservoir evolution histories, we have identified the genetic type and resource potential of the tight oil. The results show that the kerogen types of the Es3 source rocks of the Nanpu Sag, are widely distributed in an area of nearly 1,000 km2 and have a large thickness of more than 700 m, are mainly Types II and III with a high average total organic carbon (TOC) value of 1.63%. Moreover, the source rocks are primarily in the mature stage, with an average vitrinite reflectance (Ro) of 1.06%. The Es3 source rock reached the hydrocarbon expulsion threshold at Ro = 0.7%, and the hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency was approximately 70%. Two hydrocarbon generation and expulsion centres are identified, the Gaoshangpu and Laoyemiao structural belts, with maximum hydrocarbon generation and expulsion intensities of 100 × 106 t/km2 and 80 × 106 t/km2, respectively. In addition, two genetic types of tight oil are identified with accumulation before and after tightening, respectively. The resources of these types are 2.3 × 108 t and 20.4 × 108 t, respectively, with a total of 22.7 × 108 t, which indicates significant prospects for tight oil exploration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic geochemistry, hydrocarbon generation, and expulsion characteristics and their impact on tight oil: A case study of the third member of the Upper Palaeogene Shahejie Formation, Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, NE China

Pang

Wang

et al. 2020

Geological Journal

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The hydrocarbon generation and expulsion features of source rocks and tight oil potential of the second member of the Qiketai Formation, Shengbei area in the Turpan–Hami Basin, NW China

et al. 2020

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Significant progress in tight oil exploration has been reported in the second member of the Qiketai Formation (J2q2) in the Shengbei area of the Turpan–Hami Basin. Geochemical analyses were conducted to assess the quality of the J2q2 source rocks. The improved hydrocarbon generation potential method was utilized to quantify the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion features of the source rocks. The results showed that J2q2 source rocks were deposited in a reduced lacustrine setting with a high palaeoproductivity. The J2q2 source rocks are widely distributed (approximately 1,000 km2) and have a thickness that varies from 50 to 130 m. Moreover, they can be identified as a set of high‐quality source rocks (thermally mature rocks with Ro values >0.5%, consisting mainly of types I and II kerogen and possessing an average total organic carbon content of 2.68%). The oil–source correlation results reveal that the source of crude oil in the studied area is J2q2. The improved hydrocarbon generation potential method is established for different kerogen types to limit the influence of the kerogen type on the calculation. The hydrocarbon expulsion threshold of the type I model is located at Ro = 0.6%. The type II kerogen rocks have different characteristics, and the hydrocarbon expulsion threshold is located at Ro = 0.62%. The maximum hydrocarbon generation and expulsion intensities are 700 × 104 t/km2 and 400 × 104 t/km2, respectively. The hydrocarbon generation and expulsion amount of the J2q2 source rocks are 21.4 × 108 t and 12.3 × 108 t, respectively. The tight oil potential of the J2q2 tight oil in the Shengbei area is 4.09 × 108 t. The SB10 and SB6 well areas are favourable J2q2 tight oil exploration areas in the Shengbei area. The SB10 well area has the highest hydrocarbon generation and expulsion intensities in the study area and is the best tight oil exploration target.

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Micro‐ and nanoscale pore‐throat structure, fractal characteristics, and permeability estimation models in deep sandstones: Palaeogene Shahejie Formation, Nanpu Sag, NE China

et al. 2021

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Long‐term burial and strong diagenesis modification result in highly heterogeneous pore structures in deep clastic reservoirs; these heterogeneities exert a controlling influence over the development of these deep petroleum systems. A clear understanding of the pore structure simplifies the tasks of identifying and modelling reservoirs for the purposes of hydrocarbon exploration. This study characterizes the mineral compositions, physical properties, and pore systems of the first member of the Palaeogene Shahejie Formation (Es1) in the Nanpu Sag using thin section and scanning electron microscope observations, X‐ray diffraction measurements, mercury intrusion capillary pressure, and nuclear magnetic resonance data. Our results show that the Es1 sandstones typically fall into one of three different pore‐throat sizes: mainly 10 μm (type‐I), 1 μm (type‐II), and less than 1 μm (type‐III). Between type‐I and type‐III reservoirs, the pore system changes from residual intergranular pore (InterP) and secondary InterP to secondary intragranular pores (IntraP) and intercrystalline pores. The fractal theory is selected to quantify the heterogeneity of the pore‐throat structure, due to the existence of an irregular and complex pore system (IntraP and intercrystalline pores), the type‐III reservoir has the highest fractal dimension, which indicates that the complex pore‐throat structure is not conducive to the formation of high‐quality deep sandstone reservoirs. Using the fractal dimension and displacement pressure, a novel permeability prediction is proposed, compared with the previous method, the new model is simpler and more effective. Our research can deepen the geological understanding of deep‐burial sandstone reservoirs and further guide petroleum exploration.

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An improved hydrocarbon generation potential method for quantifying hydrocarbon generation and expulsion characteristics with application example of Paleogene Shahejie Formation, Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin

Cited by 52 publications

References 29 publications

Organic geochemistry, hydrocarbon generation, and expulsion characteristics and their impact on tight oil: A case study of the third member of the Upper Palaeogene Shahejie Formation, Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, NE China

Organic geochemistry, hydrocarbon generation, and expulsion characteristics and their impact on tight oil: A case study of the third member of the Upper Palaeogene Shahejie Formation, Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, NE China

The hydrocarbon generation and expulsion features of source rocks and tight oil potential of the second member of the Qiketai Formation, Shengbei area in the Turpan–Hami Basin, NW China

Micro‐ and nanoscale pore‐throat structure, fractal characteristics, and permeability estimation models in deep sandstones: Palaeogene Shahejie Formation, Nanpu Sag, NE China

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