An Improved Bald Eagle Search Algorithm for Parameter Estimation of Different Photovoltaic Models

Abstract

Clean energy resources have become a worldwide concern, especially photovoltaic (PV) energy. Solar cell modeling is considered one of the most important issues in this field. In this article, an improvement for the search steps of the bald eagle search algorithm is proposed. The improved bald eagle search (IBES) was applied to estimate more accurate PV model parameters. The IBES algorithm was applied for conventional single, double, and triple PV models, in addition to modified single, double, and triple PV models. The IBES was evaluated by comparing its results with the original BES through 15 benchmark functions. For a more comprehensive analysis, two evaluation tasks were performed. In the first task, the IBES results were compared with the original BES for parameter estimation of original and modified tribe diode models. In the second task, the IBES results were compared with different recent algorithms for parameter estimation of original and modified single and double diode models. All tasks were performed using the real data for a commercial silicon solar cell (R.T.C. France). From the results, it can be concluded that the results of the modified models were more accurate than the conventional PV models, and the IBES behavior was better than the original BES and other compared algorithms.

Parameter Estimation of Modified Double-Diode and Triple-Diode Photovoltaic Models Based on Wild Horse Optimizer

“…The best obtained RMSE value was for MTDM followed by MDDM, and this presents the enhancement of model accuracy by the model modification. The stability of the WHO was tested by running the algorithm for 30 independent runs for MTDM and MDDM, obtaining the statistical analysis, then comparing these results with Bald Eagle Search (BES) [18] and Elephant Herd Optimization (EHO) [19], as shown in Tables 3 and 4, and boxplot Figures 10 and 11. The results of the WHO were more accurate than other algorithms for MTDM and MDDM.…”

“…The best values of PE5DSSE obtained by the WHO, which proved more accurate, were 2.50944 × 10 −5 and 1.52205 × 10 −5 for original and modified models, respectively. For detailed analysis of the obtained results by the WHO of all models, the current and power absolute errors (Equation (18)) between the real measured and the estimated current and power values were calculated and presented in Figures 12 and 13 respectively. Figure 14 presents a comparison between the measured current-voltage characteristic curve and that calculated by different models.…”

“…Some modifications for these models are also proposed in the literature by adding a series resistance with one diode to represent the quasi-neutral region losses. This modification has been applied to the three models, so were named modified SDM (MSDM), modified DDM (MDDM), and modified TDM (MTDM) [18][19][20].…”

“…The results obtained from the WHO have been compared with other recent optimization algorithms such as I-GWO, CGO and HBO. In addition, the results obtained from the WHO have been evaluated and compared with results obtained from other references for recent optimization methods such as Bald Eagle Search (BES) [18], elephant herd optimization (EHO) [19], and Turbulent Flow of Water-Based Optimization (TFWO) [20]. The comparison presents the accuracy and robustness of the WHO over these methods.…”

An Improved Heap-Based Optimizer for Optimal Design of a Hybrid Microgrid Considering Reliability and Availability Constraints

“…Optimization techniques are more competent in solving non-linear optimization problems, such as optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) [14], economic emission dispatch [15], intelligent energy management [16], and parameter estimation of photovoltaic models [17]. Reference [18] used an experimental validation of a lab-scale microgrid.…”