An improved analytical method for the determination of carotenes and xanthophylls in dried plant materials and mixed feeds

Determination of carotenoids and their esters in fruits of Lycium barbarum Linnaeus by HPLC–DAD–APCI–MS

“…In a later study, Chen and Yang [22] reported that by combining extraction and saponification for 16 h, the yield of carotenoids was substantially increased. Chen et al [23] further demonstrated that for simultaneous extraction and saponification of free carotenoids in Taiwanese mango, a time length of 12 h was adequate for cold saponification.…”

Carotenoid content and composition in rose hips (Rosa spp.) during ripening, determination of suitable maturity marker and implications for health promoting food products

“…The decision of selecting solely all-trans-b-carotene for quantification was made due to the number of carotenoids detected, the variation of carotenoids among the samples, and the limitation of standards for each carotenoid. The b-carotene standard was pre-quantified by a spectrophotometric method according to Chen and Yang (1992). Identification of compounds was performed by comparing spectral data in samples with external standards (lutein, zeaxanthin, b-cryptoxanthin, lycopene; Extrasynthese, France) and literature data (Britton, Liaaen-Jensen, & Pfander, 1995;Khachik, Beecher, & Lusby, 1989;Rodriguez-Amaya, 2001).…”

Carotenoid pigment loss of freeze-dried plant samples under different storage conditions

“…Rosenberg, Mannheim, & Kopelman, 1983;Pesek & Warthesen, 1987;Sadler, Davis, & Dezman, 1990;Chen & Yang, 1992;Bryant, McCord, Unlu, & Erdman, 1992;Tsimidou, & Tsatsaroni, 1993;Bassi, Pineau, Dainese, & Marquardt, 1993;Kopas & Warthesen, 1995;De Sio, Servillo, Loiuduce, Laratta, & Castaldo, 2001). Besides the common solvent extraction, Spanos, Chen, and Schwartz (1993), Gnayfeed, Daood, Illes, and Biacs (2001), Felix-Valenzuela, Higuera-Ciapara, Goycoolea-Valencia, and ArguellesMonal (2001) and Ambrogi, Cardarelli, and Eggers (2003) extracted carotenoids from samples by using supercritical CO 2 .…”