An improved accelerated weathering protocol to anticipate Florida exposure behavior of coatings

Nichols, Mark; Boisseau, J.; Pattison, Lynn; Campbell, Don; Quill, Jeff; Zhang, Jacob; Smith, Don D.; Henderson, K.; Seebergh, Jill E.; Berry, Douglas H.; Misovski, Tony; Peters, Charles R.

doi:10.1007/s11998-012-9467-x

Cited by 43 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The non-covered and covered film samples were cut into rectangle shapes (23.5 cm × 7.0 cm and 26.0 cm 2.5 cm) respectively. The samples were introduced into a UV-A accelerated weathering tester with 1.55 W/m 2 (QUV/spray, Q-LAB) and into Q-SUN accelerated Xenon Test Chamber with 1.5 W/m 2 (Model Xe-2, Q-LAB) and irradiated 24 h [ 36 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Accelerated UV-A and Q-SUN Irradiation on the Antimicrobial Properties of Coatings Containing ZnO Nanoparticles

et al. 2017

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The influence of accelerated UV-A and Q-SUN irradiation on the antimicrobial properties of coatings containing ZnO nanoparticles was investigated using a polyethylene (PE) film covering. The results of the study showed that Methyl Hydroxypropyl Celluloses (MHPC) coatings did not influence the growth of S. aureus, B. cereus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa or C. albicans cells. MHPC coatings containing ZnO nanoparticles inhibited the growth of bacterial strains and reduced the number of C. albicans strains. Accelerated Q-SUN and UV-A irradiation had no influence on the antimicrobial effect of nano ZnO coatings against S. aureus, B. cereus and E. coli. Q-SUN irradiation decreased the activity of MHPC coatings containing nanoparticles against P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. An FT-IR analysis clearly showed that ZnO nanoparticles shielded the MHPC coating during Q-SUN irradiation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Accelerated UV-A and Q-SUN Irradiation on the Antimicrobial Properties of Coatings Containing ZnO Nanoparticles

et al. 2017

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“…However, recent work on accelerated weathering has shown most current accelerated weathering protocols do not provide sufficient moisture to reproduce south Florida weathering behavior. 10 As discussed previously, the annual rainfall in a region is used as a proxy for the amount of liquid water exposure a paint system will experience. Intuitively this is logical, as those regions with high average rainfall are also likely to have higher RH, which leads to nightly dew events.…”

Section: Other Failure Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] Additionally, analytical methods have been developed, which have greatly increased the ability to measure the propensity of a coating system to undergo delamination, gloss loss, cracking, or blistering. [7][8][9][10] Each of these failure modes can be linked back to coating properties and the effects of the environmental stresses place upon the coating system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical modeling of coating lifetimes in disparate environments

Nichols

Frey

2014

J Coat Technol Res

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The effect of environmental loads on the propensity for failure of automotive coating systems was evaluated for both the United States and China. Population weighted climate distribution functions were created for both nations and applied to various failure modes including yellowing or color change, gloss loss, delamination, and cracking. The effect of process variability on specific failure modes was captured through the use of minimum and maximum film builds measured on vehicles produced in a commercial automotive assembly plant. The U.S. was shown to be a significantly harsher environment for most failure modes driven by UV radiation and high temperatures. China was shown to be a harsher environment for failure modes driven by liquid water and cold temperatures. The use of these models allowed for the prediction of regional failure rates given the time to failure of a coating of known thickness in a different location.

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“…T-MSP has proven a suitable method for UVA identification and quantification with increasing exposure. 78 Weathering also results in visible physical changes to the appearance of clear coats. The most significant and commonly studied properties in the literature are yellowing and gloss decrease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most significant and commonly studied properties in the literature are yellowing and gloss decrease. 78,79 These are based on measurements using commercial color and gloss meters. Yellowing index (YI) is the most commonly reported metric for yellowing, and is defined by ASTM color standards according to spectrophotometric data using the tristimulus values (X, Y, and Z) and constants (Cx and Cz) based on the standard illuminant and observer functions used (Equation 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appearance and Spectroscopic Characterization of Automotive Coatings for Forensic Purposes

Kha¹

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Automotive paint is a common type of trace evidence in the forensics community due to the prevalence of vehicular collisions. Forensic examinations of these samples typically involve visual inspection for physical properties such as color. However, these observations are subject to variability due to observer and environmental factors. Therefore, objective methods of color description based on spectrophotometry using coordinate systems are now recommended by US forensics standards in addition to chemical analysis for binder and pigment information. Color meters and microspectrophotometers (MSP) are common instruments for quantifying color descriptions using opponent coordinate systems such as the International Commission on Illumination CIEL*a*b* color space (CIELAB). MSP is used on small fragments encountered in forensic cases, but requires extensive sample preparation and expensive instrumentation while color meters are frequently employed by coating manufacturers and portable for field use. The two methods were compared by calculating color difference, DE*, between fifteen automotive coating samples and standards to gauge differences and associated errors. A correlation between color meter and reflectance-mode MSP DE* was found. After physical attributes are noted in forensic analyses, samples are often characterized by molecular spectroscopy. IR and Raman spectroscopic analysesIntroduction 58 Experimental 69 Results and Discussion 76 Conclusions 90 5. Final Remarks 91 REFERENCES 93 APPENDIX 102

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An improved accelerated weathering protocol to anticipate Florida exposure behavior of coatings

Cited by 43 publications

References 38 publications

The Influence of Accelerated UV-A and Q-SUN Irradiation on the Antimicrobial Properties of Coatings Containing ZnO Nanoparticles

The Influence of Accelerated UV-A and Q-SUN Irradiation on the Antimicrobial Properties of Coatings Containing ZnO Nanoparticles

Statistical modeling of coating lifetimes in disparate environments

Appearance and Spectroscopic Characterization of Automotive Coatings for Forensic Purposes

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