An improved 2D-FDTD algorithm for hybrid mode analysis of quasi-planar transmission lines

Xiao, Shujun; Vahldieck, R.

doi:10.1109/mwsym.1993.276789

Cited by 31 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The total number of cells is about 90,000 with 100 in the y direction and about 900 in the z direction, so that a stair casing approximation is used for the wall. The time step is 1.6 ps from the Courant condition [8]. As the incident wave source, a Gaussian pulse is used.…”

Section: Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Reflection and transmission control of electromagnetic wave for concrete walls

Satō

Domae²,

Takahashi

et al. 2000

Electron. Comm. Jpn. Pt. II

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Section: Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Reflection and transmission control of electromagnetic wave for concrete walls

Satō

Domae²,

Takahashi

et al. 2000

Electron. Comm. Jpn. Pt. II

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“…In [7], two methods were introduced to maintain second-order accuracy. One method uses an appropriate mesh ratio between two regions to obtain the central finite differences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Non-Uniform Grid in the FDTD Modeling of the Earthing Conductor in the Transient Grounding resistance Analysis

Xu¹,

Mao²,

Chen³

2013

Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Advanced Computer Science and Electronics Information

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-The grounding system plays an important part in the lightning protection system of power and communication systems. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is widely used in modeling complex electromagnetic interaction problems. However, it is difficult to model the earthing conductor using the standard FDTD method in the transient grounding resistance analysis, for the electrically small depth of the earthing conductors. In this work, nonuniform grid in the FDTD methods, which is typically used to resolve fine structures, is introduced into reduce the computational domain and therefore lead to a reduction of the computational cost. To further reduce the computational memory, the uniform grids are used in the electrode length direction while non-uniform grids are occupied in the electrode sectional directions. The efficiency of the proposed model has been approved by verifying both the electromagnetic field components near the earthing conductor and the grounding resistance.Index Terms -Non-Uniform, FDTD Modeling, Earthing Conductor. I . IntroductionSensitive electronic components have been increasingly used lately both in power and communication systems. These components may suffer logic upset or damage at lower levels of induced electromagnetic interferences brought about by the lightning. As a result, evaluation of the transient grounding resistance of the grounding systems in the lightning protection systems has recently attracted considerable attentions [1]- [5].The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method [6], which provides a simple and efficient way of solving Maxwell' equations for a variety of problems, has been widely applied in solving many types of electromagnetic problems. It is good at predicting the electromagnetic characteristics of a particular structure for it provides extensive time-domain information and the frequency-domain information can be provided via a discrete Fourier transform.However, when the grounding resistance analysis of the lightning protection systems is involved, it will results in a huge memory and time usage with the uniform FDTD grids. Because the dimension of the grounding electrode and the reference electrode are so small compared with the total computational domain, and one has to refine the FDTD grid to the conductor dimension, which will result in huge memory usage.Several papers have introduced different methods to reduce the truncation error at grid boundary. In [7], two methods were introduced to maintain second-order accuracy. One method uses an appropriate mesh ratio between two regions to obtain the central finite differences. The other method uses a universal grading scheme with continuously variable lattice size; but a demonstration of the effectiveness of this method was not reported. The non-uniform grid technology in the FDTD method, which is typically used to resolve fine structures, can reduce the computational domain and therefore lead to a reduction of the computational cost [8]. Considering electrically small size of the grounding...

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“…The truncation error at the interface is manifested as a spurious reflection from the grid boundary. Several papers have introduced different methods to reduce this spurious reflection or grid-truncation error [Sheen, 1991;Lee, 1990;Li et al, 1993;Xiao and Vahldieck, 1993;Jiang and Arai, 1998;Namiki and Ito, 2001;Okoniewski et al, 1997;Heinrich et al, 1996]. In the work of Sheen [1991], the grid size in the second domain is reduced by one-third of the grid size in the first domain and spatial derivatives of the fields at the interface are expressed by central difference approximations to achieve second-order accuracy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory, analytical investigation, and performance of the complementary derivatives method for reducing reflection errors from nonuniform grid domains in finite difference methods

Kermani

Ramahi

2009

Radio Science

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[1] The central finite difference is used very often to approximate first-order differential equations, and it results in a second-order truncation error for a uniform grid size. Nonuniform grids are used for simulating structures with large aspect ratios or problems with large field gradients in order to improve computational efficiency. However, changing the grid size increases the truncation error at the interface between domains having different grid sizes. The error at the interface is manifested as a spurious reflection from the grid boundary, thus decreasing the simulation accuracy. The complementary derivatives method (CDM) was originally introduced as a robust discretization technique to eliminate any spurious errors arising from the changing grid sizes. In this paper, we review the theory of the CDM. We investigate the CDM analytically for the one-dimensional case and derive the fundamental modes of propagation in the numerical solution of the differential equation. Then, we calculate the reflection coefficient from the interface of two domains having different grid sizes with and without the CDM. Different representative numerical examples also demonstrate the efficiency of the CDM in reducing the reflection from the grid boundary and improving the simulation results in different applications.Citation: Kermani, M. H., and O. M. Ramahi (2009), Theory, analytical investigation, and performance of the complementary derivatives method for reducing reflection errors from nonuniform grid domains in finite difference methods, Radio Sci., 44, RS2003,

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An improved 2D-FDTD algorithm for hybrid mode analysis of quasi-planar transmission lines

Cited by 31 publications

References 12 publications

Reflection and transmission control of electromagnetic wave for concrete walls

Reflection and transmission control of electromagnetic wave for concrete walls

The Non-Uniform Grid in the FDTD Modeling of the Earthing Conductor in the Transient Grounding resistance Analysis

Theory, analytical investigation, and performance of the complementary derivatives method for reducing reflection errors from nonuniform grid domains in finite difference methods

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