An imported case of vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2, Spain in the context of the ongoing polio Public Health Emergency of International Concern, September 2021

Abstract

The monthly retrospective search for unreported acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases conducted as a complementary component of the Spanish AFP surveillance system identified a case of AFP in a child admitted in Spain from Senegal during August 2021. Vaccine-derived poliovirus 2 was identified in the stool in September 2021. We present public health implications and response undertaken within the framework of the National Action Plan for Polio Eradication and the Public Health Emergency of International Concern.

Metagenomic sequencing, molecular characterization, and Bayesian phylogenetics of imported type 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus, Spain, 2021

“…The case had no evidence of primary immunodeficiency. The AFP case was notified retrospectively in September, and a stool sample collected in August was sent to the National Polio Laboratory (NPL) of the National Centre for Microbiology (CNM) for a poliovirus study ( López et al., 2021 ).…”

“…However, in September 2021, an imported paralysis case from Senegal was notified in Spain, identifying VDPV2 in a stool sample of the patient. All measures taken and actions carried out were within the framework of the NAPPE and the recommendations issued under the ongoing Public Health Emergency of International Concern on the risk of international spread of poliovirus ( López et al., 2021 ). Molecular characterization of poliovirus isolates detected through AFP and environmental surveillance activities is key to distinguishing vaccine-related from WPV, and identifying genetic linkages between isolates to identify patterns of circulation ( Classification and reporting of vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV), 2016 ).…”

Reiseimpfungen – Hinweise und Empfehlungen

“…cVDPV kommen in zahlreichen Ländern der Welt vor, insbesondere in den Tropen und Subtropen, aber auch in Osteuropa. Im Jahr 2021 wurde ein Fall von cVDPV2 aus Senegal nach Spanien importiert 49 .…”