An Implantable System For Chronic In Vivo Electromyography

Zealear, David L.; Li, Yike; Huang, Shan

doi:10.3791/60345

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although ECPs were used only for delivering stimulating currents in the present study, ECPs should also be capable of accessing laryngeal EMG activity over time from intramuscular electrodes without the need for repeated needle insertion into the small laryngeal muscles. We have used chronic intramuscular electrodes like those in the present study to obtain spontaneous laryngeal EMG in awake, active canine subjects using a wireless EMG system 6 (Ripple Neuro Inc), and future studies are needed to determine whether ECPs can be used to obtain EMG with similar fidelity as commercial telemetric systems or direct percutaneous connections 10 , 11 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have used chronic intramuscular electrodes like those in the present study to obtain spontaneous laryngeal EMG in awake, active canine subjects using a wireless EMG system 6 (Ripple Neuro Inc), and future studies are needed to determine whether ECPs can be used to obtain EMG with similar fidelity as commercial telemetric systems or direct percutaneous connections. 10,11 In this study, .300 individual needle electrode insertions were made through the skin into ECPs during periodic electrode testing, spanning years in some animals, without indications of infection or lasting tissue harm at the insertion sites. Two electrodes were removed due to infection; yet, signs of infection were present in these animals before the initiation of postimplantation testing (needle insertions), so they likely stemmed from the implantation surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subcutaneous Ports for Chronic Nerve Cuff and Intramuscular Electrode Stimulation in Animal Models

Heaton

Kobler

Ottensmeyer

et al. 2020

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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Objective Tracking recovery after nerve injury may require many intermittent assessments over long periods, preferably with non- or minimally invasive methods. We developed subcutaneous electrical connection ports (ECPs) for repeated connection to nerve cuff or intramuscular electrodes via transdermal needles and evaluated them during studies of laryngeal reinnervation. Study Design Animal experiment. Setting Laboratory. Methods ECPs were designed and 3-dimensionally printed for connection to bipolar electrodes with biocompatible polymers. Dual compartments filled with conductive silicone capped with nonconductive silicone were used to make the connections between electrode leads and transdermally inserted needles. Ten dogs (19-29 kg) were implanted with 22 ECPs. In 7 dogs, 11 electrodes were placed on recurrent laryngeal nerves proximal to transection and suture repair to track laryngeal reinnervation. In 6 dogs, 8 spinal accessory nerve cuff electrodes were used to stimulate neck muscle contraction. In 2 dogs, 3 electrodes were implanted in the thyroarytenoid muscle. Stimulation thresholds, electromyography, and videolaryngoscopic imaging were obtained in 156 tests over survival periods up to 32 months. Stimulation data provided information about ECP performance. Results ECPs added negligible resistance to electrodes (mean ± SD, 2.14 ± 0.9 Ω). Despite some electrode leads breaking distally, ECPs were reliable and well tolerated at implant sites and enabled periodic assessment of nerve and muscle function over the time course of laryngeal reinnervation. Histology showed ECP encapsulation as thin layers of connective tissue and minimal acute inflammation. Conclusion Custom ECPs are easily fabricated and cause little tissue reaction over months to years of subcutaneous implantation, facilitating long-term physiologic studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subcutaneous Ports for Chronic Nerve Cuff and Intramuscular Electrode Stimulation in Animal Models

Heaton

Kobler

Ottensmeyer

et al. 2020

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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“…Experiments were conducted in conjunction with a standard clinical drug-induced sleep endoscopy examination based on previously described methods. 29 Electrodes were placed prior to sedation because large excursions of the pharynx can occur during flow-limited inspiration as accessory respiratory muscles are recruited. It also ensured participant compliance with verbal instructions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound Localization and Percutaneous Electrical Stimulation of the Hypoglossal Nerve and Ansa Cervicalis

Kent

Schwartz

Zealear

2020

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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Objective Hypoglossal nerve stimulation for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can be effective for appropriately selected patients, but current patient selection criteria are complex and still result in a proportion of nonresponders. Ansa cervicalis stimulation of the infrahyoid cervical strap muscles has recently been proposed as a new form of respiratory neurostimulation (RNS) therapy for OSA treatment. We hypothesized that percutaneous stimulation of both nerves in humans with temporary electrodes would make testing of the physiologic response to different RNS strategies possible. Study Design Nonrandomized acute physiology study. Setting Tertiary care hospital. Methods Fifteen participants with OSA underwent ultrasonography and placement of percutaneous electrodes proximal to the medial division of the hypoglossal nerve and the branch of the ansa cervicalis innervating the sternothyroid muscle (ACST). Procedural success was documented in each participant, as were any failures or procedural complication. Results The hypoglossal nerve was successfully localized in 15 of 15 (100%) participants and successfully stimulated in 13 of 15 (86.7%). The ACST was successfully localized in 15 of 15 (100%) participants and successfully stimulated in 14 of 15 (93.3%). Stimulation failure of the hypoglossal nerve was due to suboptimal electrode placement in 1 participant and electrode displacement in the other 2 cases. No complications occurred. Conclusions The hypoglossal nerve and ACST can be safely stimulated via percutaneous electrode placement. Larger trials of percutaneous stimulation may help to identify responders to different RNS therapies for OSA with temporary or permanent percutaneous electrodes. Techniques for electrode design, nerve localization, and electrode placement are described.

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“…Методологія та засоби верифікації синдрому спастичності на моделях ТСМ потребують істотного вдосконалення, можливо, із залученням засобів хронічного in vivo ЕНМГ-моніторингу [148,149] чи реєстрації електричних і динамічних показників функції м'яза [113] у седованих тварин без глибокої міорелаксації і анестезії.…”

Section: висновкиunclassified

Model of spinal cord lateral hemi-excision at the lower thoracic level for the tasks of reconstructive and experimental neurosurgery

Medvediev¹,

Abdallah²,

Draguntsova³

et al. 2021

Ukr Neurosurg J

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Purpose. To test the model of spinal cord lateral hemiexcision in young rats. Materials and methods. Animals ‒ male rats (age about 1 month, body weight about 50 g, inbred derivatives of the Wistar line); the number of experimental groups is: 1) lateral spinal cord hemisection at the level of segments about T12–T13 (Sect; n=11); 2) lateral spinal cord hemiexcision about 1 mm long at the similar level (Exc; n=8). Assessment of motor Function Index (FI) and the Spasticity Index (SI) of the paretic hindlimb was carried out using the Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan (BBB) scale and Ashworth scale, respectively, in our technical modifications. The non-inclusion criteria: the BBB score above 9 points of FI for the ipsilateral hindlimb in a week after injury ‒and / or BBB score less than or equal to 14 points of FI of the contralateral hindlimb during a long follow-up period (in general, 2 animals in the Sect group, 3 animals ‒ in the Exc group). Asymptotic differences in the timing of testing between subgroups and groups were revealed during the first three weeks of follow-up. Interpolation reproduction of individual values of FI and SI was used in exceptional cases. The total follow-up period was 5 months. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U Test, Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test, Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation. For pathomorphological study, the method of silver impregnation of the spinal cord longitudinal sections of the Exc group animals obtained in 5 months after the simulation of injury was used. Results. One week after injury, the FI in the Sect group was 5.9±1.1 according to BBB points, a statistically significant increase in the FI lasted for the first 3 weeks (p<0.05; Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test), the FI maximum in the group was 10.1±1.1 BBB points, and the FI value at the end of the study was 9.5±1.0 BBB points. In the Exc group, 1 week after injury, the FI was 0.9±0.5 BBB points, during the next week it reached the actual maximum (1.9±0.7 BBB points), by the end of the 5th month it significantly decreased to 0.8±0.3 BBB points (p<0.05; Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test). One week after injury, the SI value in the Sect group was 0.3±0.1 points according to Ashworth scale, in the Exc group ‒ 0.7±0.1 Ashworth points, a significant increase (p<0.05; Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test) in SI in the Sect group was noted during the 2nd week and the 2nd month, in the Exc group ‒ during the 2nd and 6th week, as well as the 3rd and 5th month after injury. The SI final and maximal score for the Sect group was 0.8±0.2 Ashworth points, and for the Exc group ‒ 3.6±0.3 Ashworth points. For both groups, there was no correlation between the mean FI value and a significant positive correlation of the mean SI value with the value of the follow-up period (p<0.05; Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation), as well as the absence of correlation between the mean FI and SI values during the total follow-up period. A significant negative correlation (p<0.05; Spearman’s Rank Order Correlation) between individual FI and SI values was found after 1 and 4 weeks, 3 and 5 months after the injury for the Sect group, as well as after 5, 7, 8 weeks and after 3 and 4 months for the Exc group. At all periods of follow-up, the difference in both FI and SI mean values of both groups was significant (p<0.05; the Mann-Whitney U Test). Conclusions. The studied model of spinal cord injury in young rats is the means of choice for testing solid neural transplantation means for the spinal cord injury restorative treatment. The interpretation of data obtained using the BBB scale on models of lateral half spinal cord injury should be carried out with caution, and the methodology for verifying spasticity requires significant improvement. We recommend that the optimal timing for the FI and SI monitoring after lateral half spinal cord injury is 7 days, 14 days and in 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 months.

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An Implantable System For Chronic In Vivo Electromyography

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Subcutaneous Ports for Chronic Nerve Cuff and Intramuscular Electrode Stimulation in Animal Models

Subcutaneous Ports for Chronic Nerve Cuff and Intramuscular Electrode Stimulation in Animal Models

Ultrasound Localization and Percutaneous Electrical Stimulation of the Hypoglossal Nerve and Ansa Cervicalis

Model of spinal cord lateral hemi-excision at the lower thoracic level for the tasks of reconstructive and experimental neurosurgery

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