1993
DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(93)90250-3
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An immunologic abnormality common to Bickerstaff's brain stem encephalitis and Fisher's syndrome

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Cited by 159 publications
(95 citation statements)
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“…Findings of dense concentrations of GQ1b ganglioside in the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves may explain the relationship between anti-GQ1b antibodies and the development of ophthalmoplegia [8]. Notably, anti-GQ1b antibodies were also found in Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis, and at present both syndromes are considered as part of a spectrum of similar disorder [9][10][11][12][13].…”
Section: Editorialmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Findings of dense concentrations of GQ1b ganglioside in the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves may explain the relationship between anti-GQ1b antibodies and the development of ophthalmoplegia [8]. Notably, anti-GQ1b antibodies were also found in Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis, and at present both syndromes are considered as part of a spectrum of similar disorder [9][10][11][12][13].…”
Section: Editorialmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…1 Tedavide PF, IVIg ve kortikosteroid kullanılmaktadır. 2 Odakai ve ark.nın çalışmasında, BE olgularının %74'ünde bilinç bozukluğu, %60'ında kas güçsüz-lüğü, %58'inde derin tendon refleksi (DTR) kaybı, %24'ünde DTR artışı, %40'ında Babinski pozitifliği, %16'sında derin duyu kaybı, %31'inde yüzeyel duyu bozukluğu, %45'inde fasiyal güçsüzlük, %34'ünde internal oftalmopleji ve bulbar palsi, %29'unda blefaroptozis, %27'sinde nistagmus, %30'unda kraniyal MRG'de beyin sapı, ak madde, bazal ganglionlar ve serebellumda T2 ağırlıklı sekanslarda hiperintens görüntüler, %38'inde aksonal dejenerasyon, %6'sında demiyelinizan baskınlık olmak üzere toplam %44'ünde anormal motor sinir ileti çalışması ve tüm hastalarda ataksi saptanmıştır. Hastaların %66'sında ise anti-GQ1b IgG pozitif bulunmuştur.…”
Section: Olgu Sunumuunclassified
“…Bickerstaff's brain stem encephalitis (BBE) is a variant affecting 10 % of MFS cases and is characterized by alteration in consciousness, hyperreflexia, ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia [19,20]. BBE is associated with an antecedent infection (92 %), elevated CSF protein (59 %) anti-GQ1b antibody (66 %) [21,22] and brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities (30 %) [22]. A paraparetic variant affecting the legs predominantly with areflexia and sparing the arms mimics an acute spinal cord lesion and is associated with back pain [23].…”
Section: Gbs Variantsmentioning
confidence: 99%