An immunohistological study of cytokeratin 20 in human and mammalian oral epithelium

Barrett, A.W.; Cort, E.M; Patel, Pavan; Berkovitz, Β.Κ.B.

doi:10.1016/s0003-9969(00)00050-9

Cited by 35 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…7,22,24,25,28,29 In these investigations, CK20 was found to be negative in malignant salivary gland tumors, with the exception of sporadic cases of mucoepidermoid carcinomas, 24 carcinomas ex mixed tumor, 28 and mucinous adenocarcinoma, 29 which primarily showed a focal positivity pattern. Again, these results are in agreement with the negative CK20 staining in the vast majority of malignant salivary gland tumors in our study and also correspond to the absence of CK20 expression in normal salivary glands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Although several investigators have examined the expression of CKs in neoplastic lesions of salivary glands, 19,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] to the best of our knowledge this is the first time that the combined CK7 and CK20 profile of malignant salivary gland tumors is analyzed in a sizeable group of these tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[21][22][23][24] On the other hand, CK20 has been reported to be consistently absent from all salivary gland epithelial elements. 22,24,25 The pattern of CK expression in normal salivary glands has been demonstrated to be recapitulated to some extent in their benign and malignant neoplasms. Nonetheless, differences among tumors of different histopathologic type, different tumors of the same type, or even different areas of the same tumor were evident.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratins 7 and 20 in malignant salivary gland tumors

et al. 2004

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On the basis of the heterogeneity of cytokeratins 7 and 20 expression in malignant epithelial tumors, the cytokeratin 7/20 immunophenotype has served as a useful diagnostic tool for discrimination of primary and/or metastatic carcinomas of unknown origin. However, the expression pattern of these cytokeratins in malignant salivary gland tumors has not been thoroughly studied. Our study material was composed of 84 malignant tumors of primary major or minor salivary gland origin. Nine histologic types of carcinoma were represented, including mucoepidermoid (26 cases), adenoid cystic (25), polymorphous low grade (11), salivary duct (8), acinic cell (4), ex mixed tumor (3), not otherwise specified (3), clear cell (2), and basal cell (2). In all, 13 cases of primary skin or mucosal squamous cell carcinoma with secondary salivary gland involvement were also examined. Immunoreactivity for cytokeratin 7 was evident in all malignant salivary gland tumors; the staining pattern was diffuse and strong in 62 cases, and focal and strong in 22 cases. In contrast, 78 cases were negative for cytokeratin 20, whereas only six cases (two mucoepidermoid, one adenoid cystic, and three salivary duct) displayed focal weak positivity. Overall, 92.9% of malignant salivary gland tumors were characterized by a cytokeratin 7 positive / 20 negative immunoprofile, the remaining 7.1% of cases being positive for both cytokeratins. The latter phenotype was more common in salivary duct carcinomas (Pr0.05). On the other hand, most squamous cell carcinomas (69%) were negative for both cytokeratins, while the remaining cases (31%) were negative for cytokeratin 20 and focally weakly positive for cytokeratin 7. We suggest that assessment of cytokeratin 7/20 immunoprofile may facilitate the differential diagnosis of (a) primary malignant salivary gland tumors from metastatic tumors, (b) metastatic salivary gland tumors, (c) primary salivary gland tumors, especially mucoepidermoid carcinomas, from squamous cell carcinomas, and (d) salivary duct carcinomas from other malignant salivary gland tumors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratins 7 and 20 in malignant salivary gland tumors

et al. 2004

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“…IS: implant space (1, 3, 17, 19, 21, 23, 24, 26, 30, 31). The morphology of Merkel cells in the oral cavity has been investigated in humans and in rats (1,26), and there have been a few reports on Merkel cells in the touch domes of the hamster cheek pouch (5,30). In addition, the relationship between nerve fibers and Merkel cells has also been reported (21,23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have revealed that Merkel cells are widely distributed in human oral mucosal tissues including the lip, hard palate and mandibular gingiva (1,13). A fundamental, ultrastructural study of rodent oral mucosa demonstrated that two types of Merkel cells, with dendritic or roundish shapes, are recognized.…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of the peri-implant epithelium in hamster palatine mucosa: Behavior of Merkel cells and nerve endings

et al. 2005

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Merkel cells and nerve elements during tissue regeneration after receiving dental implants. Golden hamsters were divided into 3 groups and titanium alloy implants were fixed in their left-side maxilla through the third palatine ruga. Animals were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 days after the implantation and tissues were characterized at the immunohistochemical and morphological levels. CK 20 and PGP 9.5 antibodies which react with Merkel cells and nerve fibers were used. Immunohistochemically, no CK20-positive Merkel cells were seen in the peri-implant epithelium throughout the 7 days. However, starting at day 4, PGP 9.5-positive nerve fibers appeared in the connective tissue, and by day 7, nerve fibers had invaded the more superficial layer of the peri-implant epithelium compared to the mucosa removal control group. At the electron microscopic level, the intercellular spaces of the regenerating epithelium in the mucosa removal control group were small. In contrast, intercellular spaces of the peri-implant epithelium tended to be wide and regenerating nerve fibers invaded those intercellular spaces. In both the mucosa removal control group and the implantation group, the basal lamina and connective tissues regenerated completely. However, clear Merkel cells containing neurosecretory granules were not observed. Taken together, our results indicate that Merkel cells in the hamster palatine mucosa do not regenerate in the peri-implant epithelium. However, regenerative nerve fibers seem to play essential roles as part of the defense and sensory systems around the peri-implant epithelium to compensate for the weakened defense mechanism.It is well known that Merkel cells play an important role in tissues as a sensory system for pressure (8,16,28). Previous studies have revealed that Merkel cells are widely distributed in human oral mucosal tissues including the lip, hard palate and mandibular gingiva (1, 13). A fundamental, ultrastructural study of rodent oral mucosa demonstrated that two types of Merkel cells, with dendritic or roundish shapes, are recognized. Most dendritic Merkel cells are free of innervations while the roundish ones are innervated (26). In addition, Merkel cell-neurite complexes are considered to be slowly adapting type I mechanoreceptors in the oral mucosa of the hamster cheek pouch (28,29).The behavior of Merkel cells after denervation has also been elucidated (22), the conclusion being that Merkel cells survive with normal density and appearance in the epidermis after denervation. A study of the behavior of Merkel cells and nerve endings after partial excision of the lip has shown that Merkel cells and nerve fibers are regenerated (25). However, there have been no reports on the behavior of Merkel cells and/or nerve endings in re-

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Immunohistochemical Localization of Cytokeratins in the Junctional Region of Ectoderm and Endoderm

Hosoya

Kwak

Kim

et al. 2010

The Anatomical Record

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Although tridermic species have two junctional regions of ectoderm and endoderm between their epidermis and digestive tract, we actually know little about these particular boundaries. Cytokeratins are the major intermediate filaments of epithelial cells and show a high degree of tissue specificity. Therefore, to characterize the epithelial cells in the junctional region of ectoderm and endoderm, we immunohistochemically examined the localization of cytokeratins 5, 7/17, 14, 18, Sox17, and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the oropharyngeal and anorectal regions during the mouse gastrulation process. At embryonic day (E) 9.5, cytokeratins 5, 7/17, 14, and 18 were detected in all epithelial cells of the oropharyngeal region. At E12.5, cytokeratin 5-positive cells were not observed in the middle area of the oral cavity; however, the immunoreactivity was strong in the anterior and posterior areas. The immunoreaction of cytokeratins 18 was seen only in the middle and posterior areas of the oral mucosa. Cytokeratins 7/17 and 14 were localized in all areas of the oropharyngeal region. Sox17 and AFP, which are endodermal markers, were detected in the middle and posterior areas of the oral mucosa, but not in the anterior area. Moreover, this same localization pattern of cytokeratins also existed in the anorectal region of the E12.5 embryo, suggesting that the localization of cytokeratins and endodermal markers might give an implication for the boundary between ectoderm and endoderm. These results also suggest that these cytokeratins are useful molecules for monitoring the epithelial cell differentiation in the junctional region of the germ layers.

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An immunohistological study of cytokeratin 20 in human and mammalian oral epithelium

Cited by 35 publications

References 22 publications

Immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratins 7 and 20 in malignant salivary gland tumors

Immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratins 7 and 20 in malignant salivary gland tumors

Characterization of the peri-implant epithelium in hamster palatine mucosa: Behavior of Merkel cells and nerve endings

Immunohistochemical Localization of Cytokeratins in the Junctional Region of Ectoderm and Endoderm

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