An immunohistochemical score to predict the outcome for oral squamous cell carcinoma

Monteiro, Luís Silva; Diniz‐Freitas, Márcio; Warnakulasuriya, Saman; García‐Caballero, Tomás; Forteza, Jerónimo; Fraga, Máximo

doi:10.1111/jop.12682

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…At present, there are no molecular markers which reliably enable us to assess the risk of progression. Potential markers that have been investigated include expression of p53, epidermal growth factor receptor, p27, p16, cyclin D1, cyclin A, cyclooxygenase‐2, Ki‐67, B‐cell lymphoma 2, vascular endothelial growth factor‐1, and vascular endothelial growth factor‐2, loss of heterozygosity, especially at chromosomes 3p and 9p, and gross genomic aberrations, assessed by DNA ploidy …”

Section: Potentially Malignant Oral Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

White, red, and mixed lesions of oral mucosa: A clinicopathologic approach to diagnosis

Warnakulasuriya

2019

Periodontology 2000

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A wide range of conditions could present as persistent white or red, or mixed white and red patches on the oral mucosa. Discussed here are some common conditions encountered in clinical practice that appear as white or red patches, together with some rare, but clinically significant, conditions. Based on pathognomonic features, major diagnostic criteria are outlined to help with the differential diagnosis, while some require further investigation (eg, biopsy and/or microbiologic or hematologic investigation) to confirm the provisional clinical diagnosis. Two conditions that require special consideration are leukoplakia and erythroplakia, as they have the potential to transform to cancer.

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Section: Potentially Malignant Oral Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

White, red, and mixed lesions of oral mucosa: A clinicopathologic approach to diagnosis

Warnakulasuriya

2019

Periodontology 2000

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“…EGFR overexpression or aberrant activation has been found in several tumors and drives tumor progression, inducing cancer cell growth, migration, invasion, and metastasis [ 102 , 103 ]. EGFR overexpression is an unfavorable prognostic marker in lung cancer [ 104 ], squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) [ 105 ], colorectal cancer [ 106 , 107 ], and others. Inhibition of EGFR activation through monoclonal antibodies (such as cetuximab and panitumumab) or small tyrosine kinase inhibitors (i.e., erlotinib and gefitinib, afatinib, and osimertinib) is an important pharmacological approach in several tumors, including those of the lung, pancreas, and colon, where the EGFR receptor is highly expressed, constitutively activated, or mutated [ 108 , 109 , 110 ].…”

Section: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Cancer and Intrinsic Inflam...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooperation between Prostaglandin E2 and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Cancer Progression: A Dual Target for Cancer Therapy

Finetti

Paradisi

Bernardi

et al. 2023

Cancers

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It is recognized that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is one key lipid mediator involved in chronic inflammation, and it is directly implicated in tumor development by regulating cancer cell growth and migration, apoptosis, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and immune escape. In addition, the expression of the enzymes involved in PGE2 synthesis, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 (mPGES1), positively correlates with tumor progression and aggressiveness, clearly indicating the crucial role of the entire pathway in cancer. Moreover, several lines of evidence suggest that the COX2/mPGES1/PGE2 inflammatory axis is involved in the modulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling to reinforce the oncogenic drive of EGFR activation. Similarly, EGFR activation promotes the induction of COX2/mPGES1 expression and PGE2 production. In this review, we describe the interplay between COX2/mPGES1/PGE2 and EGFR in cancer, and new therapeutic strategies that target this signaling pathway, to outline the importance of the modulation of the inflammatory process in cancer fighting.

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“…may be altered, modifying tumor proliferation and apoptosis, and inducing cell transformation and clonal expansion of tumor cells. 3 DNA damage is a recurrent phenomenon in metabolism that can be induced by exogenous and endogenous agents. When these factors accumulate, they can cause genomic instability, which eventually results in the carcinogenesis process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA damage-related proteins in smokers and non-smokers with oral cancer

et al. 2022

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Tobacco smoking involves a high risk of human malignancies, including oral cancer, because it contains multiple carcinogens that cause genetic instability. Thus, a worse prognosis would be expected for cancer patients who are smokers. The aim of this study was to assess the DNA damage response through the expression of checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2), H2A histone family member X (H2AX), and P53 among smokers and non-smokers with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Associations between immunoexpression of proteins and clinicopathological data and histopathological grading were also analyzed. A total of 35 individuals (18 non-smokers and 17 smokers) with OSCC of the tongue and/or floor of the mouth were included. Immunohistochemistry for H2AX was conducted for the identification of double-strand breaks, CHK2, and P53 to evaluate the expression of this protein in cell cycle regulation. The sample consisted of 22 males and 13 females, with a mean age of 63.9±11.8 years. OSCC of non-smokers were well-differentiated tumors in 50% of the cases, and those of smokers were equally distributed into moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated tumors (35.3% each). Overall, 31 (88.6%) cases were CHK2-positive, 27 (77.1%) were H2AX-positive, and 23 (65.7%) were P53-positive, with no difference between smokers and non-smokers (p > 0.05). No association was found between proteins and clinicopathologic data (p > 0.05). Similarities in CHK2, H2AX, and P53 immunohistochemical staining patterns were observed between smokers and non-smokers, and immunoexpression was not associated with clinicopathological parameters. However, the findings indicated consistent expression of these proteins in OSCC.

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An immunohistochemical score to predict the outcome for oral squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract: The expression of the markers p53, p16, EGFR and cyclin A in OSCC, combined to give an immunohistochemical score, may identify high-risk subgroups for decreased survival and to further guide therapeutic decisions.

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

White, red, and mixed lesions of oral mucosa: A clinicopathologic approach to diagnosis

White, red, and mixed lesions of oral mucosa: A clinicopathologic approach to diagnosis

Cooperation between Prostaglandin E2 and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Cancer Progression: A Dual Target for Cancer Therapy

DNA damage-related proteins in smokers and non-smokers with oral cancer

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