“…Models based on interface tracking or capturing such as level set method [13,14,15] were also developed [16,17,18,19] to take into consideration the fluidcell-structure interaction. In numerical treatment, various methods such as immersed boundary method [20,21,22,23,24], immersed interface method [25,26], and fictitious domain method [19] using finite difference or finite element formulation have been introduced to solve governing equations of these models.…”