An imaging-in-flow system for automated analysis of marine microplankton

Sieracki, Christian K.; Sieracki, Michael E.; Yentsch, Charles S.

doi:10.3354/meps168285

Cited by 364 publications

(253 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Microscopes, flow cytometers (Ackleson and Spinrad 1988), Coulter counters (Sheldon and Parsons 1967), and FlowCAMs (Sieracki et al 1998) are all possible instruments for producing such data. Their strengths and weaknesses are discussed below (see "Discussion").…”

Section: Size-dependent Dilution Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating size‐dependent growth and grazing rates and their associated errors using the dilution method

Taniguchi

Franks

Landry

2012

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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Size-dependent properties are pervasive in nature but difficult to measure for natural communities. Here, we develop a technique to estimate size-specific phytoplankton growth and grazing rates based on the two-point dilution method, enhanced by the acquisition of the size spectra of the phytoplankton in the samples. We describe a way to estimate standard deviations associated with the rate estimates, which can be applied either to the size-dependent or total community rates. We tested the accuracy of rates estimated using the size-dependent dilution method by applying it to dilution experiments simulated using a complex size-structured ecosystem model. The strong agreement between model and size-dependent dilution method rates (two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, P = 1) supports the accuracy of this new technique. Because size-dependent rates vary with the size interval over which they are calculated, we display the size-dependent growth and grazing rates and their standard deviations as a function of the size interval. This technique easily allows the assessment of rates for any size class of interest. Finally, we apply the size-dependent dilution method to data collected in the equatorial Pacific. There is a general agreement between size-based and previously published taxonomic-based rates, with differences reflecting the extent to which size classes are mixtures of taxa. The use of the size-dependent dilution method will provide new insights into the structure and dynamics of planktonic communities. Future applications of this method to other natural communities will help in assessing the size-dependencies of phytoplankton growth and grazing rates in their environments.

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Section: Size-dependent Dilution Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating size‐dependent growth and grazing rates and their associated errors using the dilution method

Taniguchi

Franks

Landry

2012

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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“…Laboratory, on-vessel or in-situ instruments such as the FlowCam (Flow Imaging), the Imaging FlowCytobot (McLane), or CytoSense (CytoBuoy) allow this based on imaging and/or flow cytometery (Dubelaar and Gerritzen, 2000;Olson and Sosik, 2007;Sieracki et al, 1998).…”

Section: Optical Imaging Of Particle Abundance and Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…f Olson and Sosik (2007). g Sieracki et al (1998). Because detection and analysis of particles vary among different imaging systems, it is important to understand calibration procedures to ensure comparison of open ocean particle measurements.…”

Section: Optical Technology For Measuring Particles and Their Propertmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical techniques for remote and in-situ characterization of particles pertinent to GEOTRACES

Boss

Guidi

Richardson

et al. 2015

Progress in Oceanography

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a b s t r a c tField and laboratory characterization of marine particles is laborious and expensive. Proxies of particle properties have been developed that allow researchers to obtain high frequency distributions of such properties in space or time. We focus on optical techniques used to characterize marine particles in-situ, with a focus on GEOTRACES-relevant properties, such as bulk properties including particle mass, crosssectional area, particle size distribution, particle shape information, and also single particle optical properties, such as individual particle type and size. We also address the use of optical properties of particles to infer particulate organic or inorganic carbon. In addition to optical sensors we review advances in imaging technology and its use to study marine particles in situ. This review addresses commercially available technology and techniques that can be used as a proxy for particle properties and the associated uncertainties with particular focus to open ocean environments, the focus of GEOTRACES.

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“…Nano-and microplanktonic organisms can be studied in the laboratory or on board ships with a commercially available imaging flow cytometer, the FlowCAM (Sieracki et al 1998). Other submersible flow cytometers have been developed, such as the CytoSub (e.g., Cunningham et al 2003), but to our knowledge none has the necessary resolution and field endurance for the ecological studies we wish to carry out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A submersible imaging‐in‐flow instrument to analyze nano‐and microplankton: Imaging FlowCytobot

Olson

Sosik

2007

Limnology & Ocean Methods

377

276

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A fundamental understanding of the interaction between physical and biological factors that regulate plankton species composition requires, first of all, detailed and sustained observations. Only now is it becoming possible to acquire these types of observations, as we develop and deploy instruments that can continuously monitor individual organisms in the ocean. Our research group can measure and count the smallest phytoplankton cells using a submersible flow cytometer (FlowCytobot), in which optical properties of individual suspended cells are recorded as they pass through a focused laser beam. However, FlowCytobot cannot efficiently sample or identify the much larger cells (10 to >100 μm) that often dominate the plankton in coastal waters. Because these larger cells often have recognizable morphologies, we have developed a second submersible flow cytometer, with imaging capability and increased water sampling rate (typically, 5 mL seawater analyzed every 20 min), to characterize these nano-and microplankton. Like the original, Imaging FlowCytobot can operate unattended for months at a time; it obtains power from and communicates with a shore laboratory, so we can monitor results and modify sampling procedures when needed. Imaging FlowCytobot was successfully tested for 2 months in Woods Hole Harbor and is presently deployed alongside FlowCytobot at the Martha's Vineyard Coastal Observatory. These combined approaches will allow continuous long-term observations of plankton community structure over a wide range of cell sizes and types, and help to elucidate the processes and interactions that control the life cycles of individual species.

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An imaging-in-flow system for automated analysis of marine microplankton

Cited by 364 publications

References 10 publications

Estimating size‐dependent growth and grazing rates and their associated errors using the dilution method

Estimating size‐dependent growth and grazing rates and their associated errors using the dilution method

Optical techniques for remote and in-situ characterization of particles pertinent to GEOTRACES

A submersible imaging‐in‐flow instrument to analyze nano‐and microplankton: Imaging FlowCytobot

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