An Image-Based Model of Fluid Flow Through Lymph Nodes

Cooper, Laura J.; Heppell, James; Clough, Geraldine F.; Ganapathisubramani, Bharathram; Roose, Tiina

doi:10.1007/s11538-015-0128-y

Cited by 37 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The first variant of pressure distribution is called «Gradient» with a linear decline from P max = 500 Pa to P min = 0 Pa depending on x-coordinate. The pressure estimates are based on values reported in [3,6,33]. The second variant is referred by term «Constant».…”

Section: Normal Frc Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some edges which are not removed may have no flow and so disfunction, we call these edges non-functional («n-f edges»). For example, in Figure 11 illustrating the disruption elements vertices 2 and 3 are pendant, edges (1-2) and (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) are non-functional, vertex 6 -isolated.…”

Section: Disrupted Frc Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There exists very few computational studies in which the fluid flow through the internal domains of LN was investigated [3,6]. The model is based on an idealized 3D geometry of the LN macro-structures and an approximation of the B-cell follicles, T cell paracortex and medulla as porous 2 of 22 regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This implies that the development of computational models of the LN structure and function requires (i) an idealization of the structure, (ii) the implementation of a modular approach, and (iii) the analysis of the performance of specific functional LN units in health and disease. The elements of the above framework can be found in [3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical Issues in Modelling Lymph Node Physiology

Grebennikov

Loon

Onder

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Abstract:In this study we discuss critical issues in modelling the structure and function of lymph nodes (LNs), with emphasis on how LN physiology is related to its multi-scale structural organization. In addition to macroscopic domains such as B-cell follicles and the T cell zone, there are vascular networks which play a key role in the delivery of information to the inner parts of the LN, i.e., the conduit and blood microvascular networks. We propose object-oriented computational algorithms to model the 3D geometry of the fibroblastic reticular cell (FRC) network and the microvasculature. Assuming that a conduit cylinder is densely packed with collagen fibers, the computational flow study predicted that the diffusion should be a dominating process in mass transport than convective flow. The geometry models are used to analyze the lymph flow properties through the conduit network in unperturbedand damaged states of the LN. The analysis predicts that elimination of up to 60 − 90 % of edges is required to stop the lymph flux. This result suggests a high degree of functional robustness of the network.

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Section: Normal Frc Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disrupted Frc Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical Issues in Modelling Lymph Node Physiology

Grebennikov

Loon

Onder

et al. 2016

Preprint

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“…An image-based modelling workflow has been adopted, for example, by Cooper et al [20] who created an imagebased model of fluid flow in the lymph node. Measuring flow within the nodes is difficult, not least because of the small size of the nodes and their fine structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Image-based modelling of skeletal muscle oxygenation

Zeller‐Plumhoff

Roose

Clough

et al. 2017

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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The supply of oxygen in sufficient quantity is vital for the correct functioning of all organs in the human body, in particular for skeletal muscle during exercise. Disease is often associated with both an inhibition of the microvascular supply capability and is thought to relate to changes in the structure of blood vessel networks. Different methods exist to investigate the influence of the microvascular structure on tissue oxygenation, varying over a range of application areas, i.e. biological in vivo and in vitro experiments, imaging and mathematical modelling. Ideally, all of these methods should be combined within the same framework in order to fully understand the processes involved. This review discusses the mathematical models of skeletal muscle oxygenation currently available that are based upon images taken of the muscle microvasculature in vivo and ex vivo. Imaging systems suitable for capturing the blood vessel networks are discussed and respective contrasting methods presented. The review further informs the association between anatomical characteristics in health and disease. With this review we give the reader a tool to understand and establish the workflow of developing an image-based model of skeletal muscle oxygenation. Finally, we give an outlook for improvements needed for measurements and imaging techniques to adequately investigate the microvascular capability for oxygen exchange.

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Call for a Multidisciplinary Effort to Map the Lymphatic System with Advanced Medical Imaging Techniques: A Review of the Literature and Suggestions for Future Anatomical Research

Stouthandel

Veldeman

Hoof

2019

The Anatomical Record

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This review intends to rekindle efforts to map the lymphatic system by using a more modern approach, based on medical imaging. The structure, function, and pathologies associated with the lymphatic system are first discussed to highlight the need for more accurately mapping the lymphatic system. Next, the need for an interdisciplinary approach, with a central role for the anatomist, to come up with better maps of the lymphatic system is emphasized. The current approaches on lymphatic system research involving medical imaging will be discussed and suggestions will be made for an all‐encompassing effort to thoroughly map the entire lymphatic system. A first‐hand account of our integration as anatomists in the radiotherapy department is given as an example of interdisciplinary collaboration. From this account, it will become clear that the interdisciplinary collaboration of anatomists in the clinical disciplines involved in lymphatic system research/treatment still holds great promise in terms of improving clinical regimens that are currently being employed. As such, we hope that our fellow anatomists will join us in an interdisciplinary effort to map the lymphatic system, because this could, in a relatively short timeframe, provide improved treatment options for patients with cancer or lymphatic pathologies all over the world. Anat Rec, 302:1681–1695, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy

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An Image-Based Model of Fluid Flow Through Lymph Nodes

Abstract: 26The lymphatic system returns fluid to the blood stream from the tissues to maintain tissue fluid

Cited by 37 publications

References 14 publications

Critical Issues in Modelling Lymph Node Physiology

Critical Issues in Modelling Lymph Node Physiology

Image-based modelling of skeletal muscle oxygenation

Call for a Multidisciplinary Effort to Map the Lymphatic System with Advanced Medical Imaging Techniques: A Review of the Literature and Suggestions for Future Anatomical Research

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