An Image-Based Gait Simulation Study of Tarsal Kinematics in Women With Hallux Valgus

Abstract

There were group differences. Eversion of the calcaneus and adduction of the first ray were increased, and the first-ray axis was inclined 24 degrees over middle stance in women with deformity compared with 6 degrees in control participants. Results may identify risk factors of hallux valgus and inform nonoperative treatment (orthoses, exercise) strategies.

An Imaged-Based Three-Dimensional Study of First Metatarsal Protrusion Distance in Women with and Without Hallux Valgus

“…[27][28][29][30][31][32] The weightbearing images were acquired from 2008 to 2010. Nineteen of the women had hallux valgus, 29,31,32 as defined by an enlarged hallux angle. A screening measurement of a hallux angle larger than 15 degrees served as the threshold for indicating deformity.…”

“…A more thorough description of the inclusion criteria and demographics of the participants have been reported. 29,31,32 Consent was obtained at time of enrollment, and this review of the images was performed in accordance with University of Minnesota Institutional Review Board (#1404E49482) guidelines.…”

“…Participants were positioned with weight distributed on both feet, 29,31 and with their ankle joints dorsiflexed 5 degrees to simulate standing. 33 The scan field, composed of 128 slices, was centered to capture the entire foot and ankle.…”

“…Further details of the scanning protocol have been reported elsewhere. 9,29,31 Images were imported into Mimics 17.01 (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) software for reconstruction. The virtual bone models displayed for analysis in this study were the first metatarsal, second metatarsal, and navicular.…”

“…The virtual bone models displayed for analysis in this study were the first metatarsal, second metatarsal, and navicular. Additional bones were reconstructed for analysis in previous work, 9,29,31 and the hallux angle and intermetatarsal angles were quantified ( Table 1). The size of these two Figure 1.…”