An image analysis technique for assessing resistance in rice cultivars to root-feeding chironomid midge larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae)

Stevens, Mark M.; Fox, K. M.; Warren, Glen N.; Cullis, Brian R; Coombes, Neil; Lewin, LG

doi:10.1016/s0378-4290(99)00074-x

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The data have been kindly provided by Dr. Mark Stevens, Yanco Agricultural Institute. A full description of the experiment is given by Stevens et al [1999]. Bloodworms are a significant pest of rice in the Murray and Murrumbidgee irrigation areas and damage can result in poor establishment and substantial yield loss.…”

Section: Paired Case-control Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each tray contained a total of 32 seedlings and the trays were paired so that a control tray (no bloodworms) and a treated tray (bloodworms added) were grown in a controlled environment room for the duration of the experiment. After this, rice plants were carefully extracted, the root system washed and root area determined for the tray using an image analysis system described by Stevens et al [1999]. Two pairs of trays, each pair corresponding to a different variety, were included in each run.…”

Section: Paired Case-control Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative genetic analysis of grain yield in an Australian Brassica napus doubled-haploid population

et al. 2016

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High yield is a major objective in canola-breeding programs. We analysed the genetic determinants controlling variation in grain yield in a doubled-haploid (DH) breeding population derived from a single BC1F1 plant from the cross Skipton/Ag-Spectrum//Skipton (designated as the SAgS population). DH lines were evaluated for flowering time and yield in two replicated trials and exhibited significant genetic variation for both traits. Yield showed negative correlation with flowering time; lines that flowered earlier had higher yield than late-flowering lines. A genetic linkage map comprising 7716 DArTseq markers was constructed for the SAgS population, and a ‘bin’ map based on 508 discrete single-position (non-co-segregating) marker loci was used for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. We identified 20 QTLs (LOD ≥2) associated with variation in flowering time and grain yield. Two QTLs (Qy.wwai-A7/Qdtf.wwai-A7/Qfs.wwai-A7 and Qy.wwai-C3a/Qfs.wwai-C3a) appeared repeatedly across experiments, accounting for 4.9–19% of the genotypic variation in flowering time and yield and were located on chromosomes A07 and C03. We identified 22 putative candidate genes for flowering time as well as grain yield, and all were located in a range of 935 bp to 2.97 Mb from markers underlying QTLs. This research provides useful information to be used for breeding high-yielding canola varieties by combining favourable alleles for early flowering and higher grain yield at loci on chromosomes A07, C03 and possibly on A06.

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Section: Paired Case-control Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Paired Case-control Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative genetic analysis of grain yield in an Australian Brassica napus doubled-haploid population

et al. 2016

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“…The role of C. tepperi as a pest of directly-sown rice crops has been well established (Jones, 1968;Stevens et al, 2000), however many other chironomid species occur within crops during the first few weeks after sowing. In this study, we examined the composition of chironomid communities developing in experimental rice fields that were not exposed to any agrochemical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larval Chironomid Communities (Diptera: Chironomidae) Associated with Establishing Rice Crops in southern New South Wales, Australia

Stevens¹,

Helliwell²,

Cranston

2006

Hydrobiologia

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Chironomid larvae were sampled sequentially from small experimental rice fields in southern New South Wales, Australia. Sampling was undertaken during the 1995, 1997, 1998 and 1999 crop establishment periods, starting 10 days after flooding (DAF) and continuing at 5 day intervals until 35 DAF. No agrochemical treatments were applied to the fields at any stage. Seventeen species were identified from 3429 recovered larvae. The most abundant species were Chironomus tepperi Skuse (0-91% of 35 day totals), Procladius paludicola Skuse (7-78%) and Polypedilum nubiferum (Skuse) (2-12%). No other taxon accounted for more than 8% of recovered larvae in any year. C. tepperi colonised fields more rapidly than other taxa and, when present, had only a single generation. The abundance of C. tepperi varied dramatically from year to year: from total absence in 1997 to a peak density exceeding 13 000 larvae m )2 in 1998. Significant differences between post-flood sampling times (R = 0.407, p = 0.009) and between years (R = 0.495, p = 0.001) were found using ANOSIM2 analysis. C. tepperi had a greater impact on community variability at 10 and 15 DAF (42-58%) than any other species, with P. paludicola exerting the most influence from 20 DAF onwards. Exceptionally high densities of C. tepperi in 1998 led to high levels of turbidity, which apparently prolonged the duration of the single C. tepperi cohort by suppressing water temperatures. Comparison of plant densities in the monitored bays to those in nearby bays receiving effective chemical protection shows that rice plant loss increased in response to higher C. tepperi densities. No plant loss occurred in 1997 when C. tepperi was absent, suggesting the other chironomid species present in the fields are not routinely involved in causing significant crop damage.

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“…In these first days after flooding only small amounts of algae (Roger & Reynaud, 1976;Anastácio et al, 1999c) and aquatic macroinvertebrates are present (Simpson et al, 1994;Leitão, 2002). Of these, the chironomids are one of the most important groups because of their rapid colonisation, the negative impact they have on rice (Grigarick, 1984;Tinarelli, 1989;Simpson et al, 1994;Stevens et al, 2000) and their susceptibility to crayfish consumption…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crayfish effects on seeds and seedlings: identification and quantification of damage

2005

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1. The red-swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is an invasive species and an important pest of wet-seeded rice fields (Oryza sativa) in California (U.S.A.) and in Portugal. Our work quantifies rice consumption and non-consumptive destruction and identifies the types of direct damage inflicted by crayfish. 2. The following fractions were quantified in the presence and absence of crayfish and at 3 and 6 days of rice development: (1) non-germinated seeds, (2) damaged seeds, (3) seeds not recovered, (4) intact rooted seedlings, (5) rooted damaged seedlings, (6) uprooted intact seedlings, (7) uprooted damaged seedlings. 3. Coarse particulate organic matter (CPOM) fragments produced during the feeding process were <2% of the material removed by crayfish. 4. Damage occurred with or without uprooting of the plants, but the incidence of uprooting without consumption was low (1.4%). 5. Consumption of recently developed parts of the rice plant was the main cause of damage and the observed effect was stronger on 6-day-old than on 3-day-old seedlings. Seedlings were more affected by crayfish than were seeds. 6. Crayfish affected the majority of seeds and seedlings available although consumption was low: 0.015 g dry weight (DW) rice g )1 wet weight (WW) crayfish per 12 h at 3 days and 0.063 g DW rice g )1 WW crayfish per 12 h at 6 days. 7. Our results are important for the mitigation of crayfish related problems in rice fields and for understanding the mechanisms of crayfish-macrophyte interactions.

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An image analysis technique for assessing resistance in rice cultivars to root-feeding chironomid midge larvae (Diptera: Chironomidae)

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Quantitative genetic analysis of grain yield in an Australian Brassica napus doubled-haploid population

Quantitative genetic analysis of grain yield in an Australian Brassica napus doubled-haploid population

Larval Chironomid Communities (Diptera: Chironomidae) Associated with Establishing Rice Crops in southern New South Wales, Australia

Crayfish effects on seeds and seedlings: identification and quantification of damage

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