An HRP-based amperometric biosensor fabricated by thermal inkjet printing

Preparation and characterisation of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(neutral red) modified carbon film electrodes, and application as sensors for hydrogen peroxide

“…In addition, the linear range of potentiostatically and galvanostatically formed modified electrodes was two times higher and sensitivity about three and four times higher, respectively. The linear range obtained with the proposed modified electrodes is comparable to that reported in [12], where a PEDOT/PSS matrix was used to modify indiumtin-oxide electrodes; the sensitivity they obtained of 0.544 µAcm -2 mmol -1 dm 3 , is also due to the fact that the determination of hydrogen peroxide was enhanced by using horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Thus, carbon film electrodes modified with PEDOT films proved to be effective candidates for the determination of H 2 O 2 by both oxidation and reduction.…”

“…Other electrode substrates have been used relatively little, exemplified by gold in an electrochemical quartz-crystal microbalance (ECQM) [8] or glassy carbon [9]; in addition, different assemblies containing PEDOT obtained in combination with carbon nanotubes [10] or carbon nanofibres [11] have also been reported. PEDOT has been applied to the detection of several important chemically and biologically relevant compounds such as hydrogen peroxide [12,13], nitric oxide [14], dopamine [9] and ascorbic acid [15].…”

“…Up until now most hydrogen peroxide sensors have been enzyme-based [12]. Here the development of non-enzymatic sensors for H 2 O 2 is described based on the electroanalytical potentialities of PEDOT and PEDOT/PNR modified electrodes.…”

Biological Activity of Essential Oils from Leaves and Fruits of Pepper Tree (Schinus molle L.) to Control Rice Weevil (Sitophilus oryzae L.)

“…Cells can be immobilized in membranes of cellulose acetate, or be trapped in a matrix, such as agar gel (Patel, 2002;Tatsumi et al, 2006;Setti et al, 2007) in a simpler and more economical way than enzymatic immobilization.…”

“…These processes permit an increase in porosity of the membrane, allowing for better incorporation of the analyte and impede the escape of the intercellular macromolecular compounds, while the enzymes at the same time allow the co-factors that intervene in the catalytic reactions to leave to the exterior of the cell. Consequently, such treatments provoke cellular inviability, which limits their use to applications that do not require cellular regeneration of co-factors or metabolic respiration, as is the case of glucose oxidase, ß-galactosidase, amino acid oxidase and invertase (D'Souza, 2001).Cells can be immobilized in membranes of cellulose acetate, or be trapped in a matrix, such as agar gel (Patel, 2002;Tatsumi et al, 2006;Setti et al, 2007) in a simpler and more economical way than enzymatic immobilization.Other systems of catalytic biosensors instead of using complete cells or isolated multi-enzymatic include subcellular organelles or tissue, that contain more specific complete enzymatic systems, as is the case of thylakoids, complete chloroplasts or mitochondria, which are doublemembrane organelles that have enzymatic systems related to obtaining energy. Such organelles are used in the detection of toxic agents such as pesticides, heavy metals or detergents that can inhibit enzymatic systems (D'Souza, 2001).…”