In order to cluster and identify 10 varieties of Chuxiong population of Camellia reticulata Lindl., the difference of DNA among the 10 varieties was detected by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and then hierarchical cluster and principal component analysis based on average spectra of DNA was used to establish standard clustering and identifying model. The result indicated that (1) DNA fingerprints based on FTIR of the 10 varieties are different from each other, which is also supported by variance analysis (p < 0.05).(2) The rate of clustering of 30 samples is 100%. Likewise, the rate of identifying of 10 samples is 100% as well. (3) It was speculated based on clustering distance coefficients that Guomei (Variety 5) was formed by grafting the scion from the original old tree Xiangguo (Variety 1) to seedling from seed. The conclusion is that DNA FTIR is an effective manner of clustering and identifying Chuxiong population of C. reticulata Lindl., and can be used to calculate the origin of ancient Camellia tree.