An fMRI study investigating cognitive modulation of brain regions associated with emotional processing of visual stimuli

Keightley, Michelle; Winocur, Gordon; Graham, Simon J.; Mayberg, Helen S.; Hevenor, Stephanie J.; Grady, Cheryl L.

doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(02)00199-9

Cited by 183 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Aversive faces also activated posterior OFC on the right, lateral frontal cortex, and temporal poles on both sides, occipital and extrastriate regions, particularly fusiform gyrus, again broadly consistent with other studies (Keightley et al, 2003;Lange et al, 2003;Gur et al, 2002;Abel et al, 2003;Surguladze et al, 2003;Sprengelmeyer et al, 1998).…”

Section: Covert Face Emotion Recognitionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…There are less consistent findings with other emotions such as anger (eg Blair et al, 1999;Hariri et al, 2002) and disgust (Phillips et al, 1997;Winston et al, 2003), perhaps reflecting a stronger reaction to fear than other emotions rather than a truly selective response (Whalen et al, 2001). Previous imaging studies using emotional face stimuli have also shown activation of medial and orbital prefrontal cortices, including anterior cingulate, insula and regions of the occipital cortex, particularly the fusiform gyrus (Sprengelmeyer et al, 1998;Blair et al, 1999;Surguladze et al, 2003;Abel et al, 2003;Keightley et al, 2003). Depressed and anxious patients have been shown to have altered neural responses to negative emotional faces (Lawrence et al, 2004;Thomas et al, 2001;Sheline et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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The Effect of Citalopram Pretreatment on Neuronal Responses to Neuropsychological Tasks in Normal Volunteers: An fMRI Study

Del-Ben

Deakin

McKie

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

237

184

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Changes in serotonin neurotransmission have also been implicated in the etiology and treatment of impulse control disorders, depression, and anxiety. We have investigated the effect of enhancing serotonin function on fundamental brain processes that we have proposed are abnormal in these disorders. In all, 12 male volunteers received citalopram (7.5 mg intravenously) and placebo pretreatment in a single-blind crossover design before undertaking Go/No-go, Loss/No-loss, and covert (aversive) face emotion recognition tasks during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Blood oxygenation level dependent responses were analyzed using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM2). The tasks activated prefrontal and subcortical regions generally consistent with literature with lateral orbitofrontal cortex (BA47) common to the three tasks. Citalopram pretreatment enhanced the right BA47 responses to the No-go condition, but attenuated this response to aversive faces. Attenuations were seen following citalopram in the medial orbitofrontal (BA11) responses to the No-go and No-loss (ie relative reward compared with Loss) conditions. The right amygdala response to aversive faces was attenuated by citalopram. These results support the involvement of serotonin in modulating basic processes involved in psychiatric disorders but argue for a process-specific, rather than general effect. The technique of combining drug challenge with fMRI (pharmacoMRI) has promise for investigating human psychiatric disorders.

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Section: Covert Face Emotion Recognitionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The Effect of Citalopram Pretreatment on Neuronal Responses to Neuropsychological Tasks in Normal Volunteers: An fMRI Study

Del-Ben

Deakin

McKie

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

237

184

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This is suggested by our observation that we did not observe any DMPFC activation during the preceding expectancy period. This is further supported by analogous findings in recent studies who also observed DMPFC involvement only during attention to pictures but not in the preceding period [Bermpohl et al, 2006a,b] as well as by studies on simultaneous attention [Fichtenholtz et al, 2004;Keightley et al, 2003;Lane et al, 1999;Liberzon et al, 2000;Pessoa et al, 2002;Winston et al, 2003]. This suggests that the DMPFC is specifically involved in attending stimulus perception and its associated mental states rather than being recruited by attention, i.e., expectancy, itself.…”

Section: Process-specificity and The Dmpfcsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Phan et al [2002] therefore conclude that the DMPFC is engaged in implicit cognitive aspects of emotion processing that are common across emotional tasks. Recent results indicate that this implicit cognitive function may be the specific attentional modulation of emotional stimulus processing [Bermpohl et al, 2006a;Fichtenholtz et al, 2004;Keightley et al, 2003;Lane et al, 1999;Liberzon et al, 2000;Nitschke et al, 2006;Pessoa et al, 2002;Ueda et al, 2003;Winston et al, 2003]. This suggests that neural activity in the DMPFC is characterized by a specific process within a particular domain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preceding attention and the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex: Process specificity versus domain dependence

Walter

Matthiä

Wiebking

et al. 2007

Human Brain Mapping

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Abstract:The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) has been shown to be involved in attending different states, all including a strong emotional component. It remains unclear, though, whether neural activity in the DMPFC is predominantly determined by either a particular domain, as emotional stimuli, or by a specific process, as attention. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to test the alternative hypotheses of domain-versus process-specificity in DMPFC. Subjects had to perceive pictures from three different domains, sexual, emotional, and neutral stimuli, in both a nonattended, i.e., unexpected, and attended, i.e., expected mode. Our results show DMPFC activation during attended, i.e., expected stimulus perception when compared with nonattended, i.e., unexpected stimuli perception. DMPFC activation and corresponding behavioral changes (reaction time, subjective ratings) were observed in all three domains, sexual, emotional, and neutral stimuli. As opposed to those process-specific effects that were found predominantly in posterior DMPFC, a process by domain interaction was found to be characteristic for more anterior parts of the DMPFC. Taken together, our findings favour the hypothesis that neural activity in the posterior DMPFC is determined by a specific process, i.e., attending stimuli, and thus characterized by process-specificity rather than by a particular domain, i.e., sexual, emotional, or neutral stimuli, reflecting domain-specificity. This suggests that the anterior and posterior DMPFC is involved in the process of attending mental states while remaining more (posterior DMPFC) or less (anterior DMPFC) independent of the type or domain of the respective stimulus.

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“…Whereas both cognitive and emotional brain circuits are involved in processing negative pictures, our findings demonstrated that further engagement of cognitive circuits by a subsequent task go hand in hand with a decrease in activity in emotional circuits (Drevets and Raichle, 1998;Keightley et al, 2003;Mayberg et al, 1999), especially when processing load of the task is high. Depending on the threats and challenges that people face, cognitive and emotional systems are recruited in a flexible manner, such that people can deal effectively with the ever changing demands of their environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Tuning down the emotional brain: An fMRI study of the effects of cognitive load on the processing of affective images

Dillen

Heslenfeld

Koole³

2009

NeuroImage

202

167

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oThe present research examines whether cognitive load can modulate the processing of negative emotional stimuli, even after negative stimuli have already activated emotional centers of the brain. In a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, participants viewed neutral and negative stimuli that were followed by an attention-demanding arithmetic task. As expected, exposure to negative stimuli led to increased activation in emotional regions (the amygdalae and the right insula). Subsequently induced task load led to increased activation in cognitive regions (right dorsolateral frontal cortex, right superior parietal cortex). Importantly, task load down-regulated the brain's response to negative stimuli in emotional regions. Task load also reduced subjectively experienced negative emotion in response to negative stimuli. Finally, coactivation analyses suggest that during task performance, activity in right dorsolateral frontal cortex was related to activity in the amygdalae and the right insula. Together, these findings indicate that cognitive load is capable of tuning down the emotional brain.

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An fMRI study investigating cognitive modulation of brain regions associated with emotional processing of visual stimuli

Cited by 183 publications

References 42 publications

The Effect of Citalopram Pretreatment on Neuronal Responses to Neuropsychological Tasks in Normal Volunteers: An fMRI Study

The Effect of Citalopram Pretreatment on Neuronal Responses to Neuropsychological Tasks in Normal Volunteers: An fMRI Study

Preceding attention and the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex: Process specificity versus domain dependence

Tuning down the emotional brain: An fMRI study of the effects of cognitive load on the processing of affective images

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