An extremely powerful long-lived superluminal ejection from the black hole MAXI J1820+070

Bright, J. S.; Fender, R. P.; Motta, S.; Williams, D.; Moldón, J.; Plotkin, Richard M.; Miller-Jones, J. C. A.; Heywood, Ian; Tremou, Evangelia; Beswick, R.; Sivakoff, Gregory R.; Corbel, S.; Buckley, D.; Homan, J.; Gallo, Elena; Tetarenko, Alexandra J.; Russell, Thomas; Green, David A.; Titterington, D.; Woudt, P. A.; Armstrong, R. P.; Groot, P.; Horesh, A.; Horst, A. J. van der; Körding, Elmar; McBride, V. A.; Rowlinson, A.; Wijers, R. A. M. J.

doi:10.1038/s41550-020-1023-5

Cited by 105 publications

(170 citation statements)

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“…This hypothesis has been later confirmed by reflection spectroscopy in the context of a dual-lamppost, where the height of the upper lamppost decreased while the lower one stayed constant (Buisson et al 2019), and by the increase of the peak frequency of the quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs; Ingram & Motta 2019). During the hard-to-soft transition, an extremely powerful superluminal ejection was observed in the radio band (Bright et al 2020) very close in time with a small flare in the 7-12 keV band and a transition from type-C to type-B QPO (Homan et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Our measured X-ray coronal heights from fitting the time-lags, and the radio flux density from the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager (AMI; Zwart et al 2008;Hickish et al 2018) during the transition are presented in Figure 6(a). The radio flux density indicates a weakened steady jet, following the trend in the hard state, followed by a powerful transient jet in the transition that features ballistic ejections (Bright et al 2020), before the source transitions to the soft state.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…We note that due to the low-cadence radio monitoring between MJD 58302 and 58304, we cannot rule out that there was another earlier flare that was missed, and thus the time delay between corona expansion and radio flare would be less than 5 days. If the blob is launched when the corona is most compact (MJD ∼58,298) and travels at ∼0.9 c (Bright et al 2020), then a delay of ∼5 days until a radio flare would suggest that the radio-emitting blob is at 10 9 R g . Unfortunately, there have been no published radio measurements of the synchrotron break to independently estimate the radius and distance of the jet ejecta, but this distance is reasonable, when compared to the BHB MAXI J1535-571 where the emission height above the black hole is ∼ 10 8 R g (Russell et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MAXI J1820+070 is one of the brightest BHBs detected so far, and has exhibited a great amount of activity in radio (Bright et al 2020;Homan et al 2020), NIR (Sánchez-Sierras & Muñoz-Darias 2020), optical (Muñoz-Darias et al 2019;Paice et al 2019;Shidatsu et al 2019;Veledina et al 2019), ultraviolet (UV; Kajava et al 2019), and X-ray (Buisson et al 2019;Kara et al 2019;Espinasse et al 2020;Wang et al 2020b;Buisson et al 2021;You et al 2021;Zdziarski et al 2021). In the hard state, reverberation analysis using the Neutron Star Interior Composition Interior Explorer (NICER; Gendreau et al 2016) showed that while the broad iron line profile remained constant (and only the narrow component decreased), the frequency range where the (soft) reverberation lag dominated increased (Kara et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disk, Corona, Jet Connection in the Intermediate State of MAXI J1820+070 Revealed by NICER Spectral-timing Analysis

Wang

Mastroserio

Kara

et al. 2021

ApJL

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101

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We analyze five epochs of Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) data of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070 during the bright hard-to-soft state transition in its 2018 outburst with both reflection spectroscopy and Fourier-resolved timing analysis. We confirm the previous discovery of reverberation lags in the hard state, and find that the frequency range where the (soft) reverberation lag dominates decreases with the reverberation lag amplitude increasing during the transition, suggesting an increasing X-ray emitting region, possibly due to an expanding corona. By jointly fitting the lag-energy spectra in a number of broad frequency ranges with the reverberation model reltrans, we find the increase in reverberation lag is best described by an increase in the X-ray coronal height. This result, along with the finding that the corona contracts in the hard state, suggests a close relationship between spatial extent of the X-ray corona and the radio jet. We find the corona expansion (as probed by reverberation) precedes a radio flare by ∼5 days, which may suggest that the hard-to-soft transition is marked by the corona expanding vertically and launching a jet knot that propagates along the jet stream at relativistic velocities.Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Low-mass x-ray binary stars (939); Stellar mass black holes (1611); High energy astrophysics (739); Black hole physics (159); X-ray transient sources (1852)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disk, Corona, Jet Connection in the Intermediate State of MAXI J1820+070 Revealed by NICER Spectral-timing Analysis

Wang

Mastroserio

Kara

et al. 2021

ApJL

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101

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“…These transient jets have been observed so far in a small fraction of the known BH LMXB population (e.g. Mirabel & Rodríguez 1994;Hjellming & Rupen 1995;Fender et al 1999;Mioduszewski et al 2001;Gallo et al 2004;Yang et al 2010;Rushton et al 2017;Miller-Jones et al 2019;Russell et al 2019a;Bright et al 2020). As the plasmons move away from the core at relativistic speeds, they often display apparent superluminal motion and emit optically thin radio emission (α ∼ − 0.6, e.g.…”

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confidence: 95%

The black hole transient MAXI J1348–630: evolution of the compact and transient jets during its 2019/2020 outburst

Carotenuto

Corbel

Tremou

et al. 2021

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We present the radio and X-ray monitoring campaign of the 2019/2020 outburst of MAXI J1348–630, a new black hole X-ray binary (XRB) discovered in 2019 January. We observed MAXI J1348–630 for ∼14 months in the radio band with MeerKAT and the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), and in the X-rays with MAXI and Swift/XRT. Throughout the outburst we detected and tracked the evolution of the compact and transient jets. Following the main outburst, the system underwent at least 4 hard-state-only re-flares, during which compact jets were again detected. For the major outburst, we observed the rise, quenching, and re-activation of the compact jets, as well as two single-sided discrete ejecta, launched ∼2 months apart and travelling away from the black hole. These ejecta displayed the highest proper motion (≳100 mas day−1) ever measured for an accreting black hole binary. From the jet motion, we constrain the ejecta inclination and speed to be ≤46○ and ≥0.69 c, and the opening angle and transverse expansion speed of the first component to be ≤6○ and ≤0.05 c. We also infer that the first ejection happened at the hard-to-soft state transition, before a strong radio flare, while the second ejection was launched during a short excursion from the soft to the intermediate state. After traveling with constant speed, the first component underwent a strong deceleration, which was covered with unprecedented detail and suggested that MAXI J1348–630 could be located inside a low-density cavity in the interstellar medium, as already proposed for XTE J1550–564 and H1743–322.

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Black Holes: Timing and Spectral Properties and Evolution

Kalemci

Kara

Tomsick

2022

Handbook of X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Astrophysics

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An extremely powerful long-lived superluminal ejection from the black hole MAXI J1820+070

Cited by 105 publications

References 46 publications

Disk, Corona, Jet Connection in the Intermediate State of MAXI J1820+070 Revealed by NICER Spectral-timing Analysis

Disk, Corona, Jet Connection in the Intermediate State of MAXI J1820+070 Revealed by NICER Spectral-timing Analysis

The black hole transient MAXI J1348–630: evolution of the compact and transient jets during its 2019/2020 outburst

Black Holes: Timing and Spectral Properties and Evolution

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