2023
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122423
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An extreme learning machine optimized by differential evolution and artificial bee colony for predicting the concentration of whole blood with Fourier Transform Raman spectroscopy

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Cited by 11 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…The ELM initializes the connection weights between the input and hidden layers in a random manner, and then maps the input signals to the hidden layers using a high-dimensional nonlinear function. After the mapping is complete, the ELM quickly learns the weights of the output layer by least squares or regularization methods to approximate the objective function ( Li and Wu, 2022 ; Qiaoyun et al., 2023 ). Compared with traditional neural networks, ELM does not require iterative weight adjustment, has fast training speed and well generalization ability.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The ELM initializes the connection weights between the input and hidden layers in a random manner, and then maps the input signals to the hidden layers using a high-dimensional nonlinear function. After the mapping is complete, the ELM quickly learns the weights of the output layer by least squares or regularization methods to approximate the objective function ( Li and Wu, 2022 ; Qiaoyun et al., 2023 ). Compared with traditional neural networks, ELM does not require iterative weight adjustment, has fast training speed and well generalization ability.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Manipulation using SAWs can be realized by either using two opposing SAWs that interfere with each other to generate standing SAWs (SSAWs) [3,5,[8][9][10][11][12], by using a traveling SAWs (TSAWs) propagating in one direction [4], or by using a combination of both of these waves such as in multi-stage devices [13,14]. SSAW-based manipulation typically relies on the generation of acoustic radiation forces (ARFs) to actuate objects toward the generated nodes and anti-nodes [15][16][17][18], for separating blood components and isolation of circulating tumor cells [19] and cancer cells [20], bacteria [21] and other biological cells [22][23][24][25]. However, the patterns generated by SSAWs are often restricted to half-wavelength periodic distances between nodes or anti-nodes.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[24][25][26][27][28][29] Compared with IR, Raman spectroscopy can be used to analyze the components of physiological fluids without labeling reagents, or sample preparations. 2,[30][31][32] Raman spectra can provide sharper peaks, less overlapped peaks, and less disturbances from water and temperature. Raman spectroscopy has been investigated for the components in serum, such as glucose and cholesterol.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The main disadvantage of the infrared spectroscopy (IR) method is sensitive to water absorption 24–29 . Compared with IR, Raman spectroscopy can be used to analyze the components of physiological fluids without labeling reagents, or sample preparations 2,30–32 . Raman spectra can provide sharper peaks, less overlapped peaks, and less disturbances from water and temperature.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%