An extended steepness model for leg-size determination based on Dachsous/Fat trans-dimer system

Yoshida, Hiroshi; Bando, Toshikazu; Mito, Taro; Ohuchi, Hideyo; Noji, Sumihare

doi:10.1038/srep04335

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The golgi-localized protein kinase Fj regulates the activity of Ft and Ds by phosphorylation (Pan, 2010;Brittle et al, 2010;Bando et al, 2009Bando et al, , 2011, and these proteins have been shown to be necessary for the establishment of planar cell polarity (PCP) during imaginal disc growth (Matis and Axelrod, 2013). Planar cell polarity is established by the unequal distribution of Ft and Ds protein heterodimers within the cell (Lawrence et al, 2008;Yoshida et al, 2014).…”

Section: The Fat/hippo Signaling Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fat/Hippo signaling pathway links within‐disc morphogen patterning to whole‐animal signals during phenotypically plastic growth in insects

Gotoh

Hust

Miura

et al. 2015

Developmental Dynamics

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Background: Insects exhibit a diversity of environmentally sensitive phenotypes that allow them to be an extraordinarily successful group. For example, mandible size in male stag beetles is exquisitely sensitive to the larval nutritional environment and is a reliable signal of male condition. Results: To date, studies of how such phenotypically plastic traits develop have focused on two types of mechanistic processes. Local, tissue‐specific genetic mechanisms specify the shape and approximate final size of structures, whereas whole‐animal hormonal signaling mechanisms modulate trait growth in response to environmental circumstance, including the body size and nutritional state of each individual. Hormones such as juvenile hormone, ecdysteroids, and/or ligands of the insulin‐signaling pathway specify whether traits grow and regulate how much growth occurs across a diversity of insect groups. What remains to be shown is how the local, tissue‐specific developmental genetic pathways interact with these whole animal hormonal signaling pathways during development to yield phenotypically plastic patterns of trait growth. Conclusions: Because the Fat/Hippo signaling pathway coordinates trait growth and development through its interactions with morphogens and hormonal pathways, we propose that Fat/Hippo signaling is a missing mechanistic link coordinating environmentally sensitive trait development in insects. Developmental Dynamics 244:1039–1045, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: The Fat/hippo Signaling Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fat/Hippo signaling pathway links within‐disc morphogen patterning to whole‐animal signals during phenotypically plastic growth in insects

Gotoh

Hust

Miura

et al. 2015

Developmental Dynamics

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“…For the molecular mechanisms of the leg regeneration, the Dachsous/Fat steepness model has been proposed, in which the gradient of Fat and Dachsous signals maintains the positional information in the PD axis and determines leg size (Bando et al, 2009). This model was theoretically verified (Yoshida et al, 2014). Although functions of Dachsous/Fat orthologs in vertebrate regeneration are unknown, it is very interesting that Dachsous/Fat orthologs or similar molecules determine differences in cell adhesiveness along the PD axis of urodeles, and regulate the normalization of segmental structures during limb regeneration working as positional information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Newts can normalize duplicated proximal–distal disorder during limb regeneration

Koriyama

Sakagami

Myouga

et al. 2018

Developmental Dynamics

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Background: Urodele animals can regenerate their limbs from the blastemas. The previous results of grafting proximal blastemas to distal limb levels (P to D transplantation) led to serial duplication of limb segments. However, it is unknown whether grafting to any distal levels in P to D transplantation causes serial duplication. In other words, it is unknown whether or not newt limbs can normalize such a kind of duplicated type of positional disorder in the proximal–distal axis. Therefore, we grafted the most proximal blastemas to various distal levels of the proximal–distal axis using newts (Pleurodeles waltl). The transgenic newts expressing green fluorescent protein or mCherry were used to clearly distinguish between donor and host tissues. Results: Normal segmental formation without duplication occurred in P to D transplantation within the stylopod. In addition, donor blastemas lost the fates of the stylopods, and the missing portion in the stylopod by amputation was restored by the insertion of host cells. In contrast, the blastemas from the stylopod formed whole limbs after transplantation to the tail. Conclusions: These results showed that urodele limbs can normalize the duplicated type of positional disorder within the stylopod by erasing a part of the fate in the blastemas. Developmental Dynamics 247:1276–1285, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…To verify the steepness hypothesis, Yoshida and others proposed a mathematical model (Fig. 9) (Yoshida et al, 2014). They assumed that (1) Ds/ Ft trans-heterodimers or trans-homodimers are redistributed during cell division, and (2) growth would cease when a differential of the dimer across each cell decreases to a certain threshold (Yoshida et al, 2014).…”

Section: Theoretical Verification Of the Ds/ft Steepness Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanisms of limb regeneration: insights from regenerating legs of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus

Bando¹,

Mito²,

Hamada³

et al. 2018

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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This review summarizes recent advances in leg regeneration research, focusing on the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. Recent studies have revealed molecular mechanisms on blastema formation, establishment of positional information, and epigenetic regulation during leg regeneration. Especially, these studies have provided molecular bases in classical conceptual models such as the polar coordinate model, the intercalation model, the boundary model, the steepness model, etc., which were proposed to interpret regeneration processes of the cockroach legs. When a leg is amputated, a blastema is formed through the activation of the Janus-kinase (Jak)/Signal-Transduction-and-Activator-of-Transcription (STAT) pathway. Subsequently, the Hedgehog/Wingless/Decapentaplegic/Epidermal-growth-factor pathways instruct distalization in the blastema, designated as the molecular boundary model. Downstream targets of this pathway are transcription factors Distal-less (Dll) and dachshund (dac), functioning as key regulators of proximodistal pattern formation. Dll and dac specify the distal and proximal regions in the blastema, respectively, through the regulation of tarsal patterning genes. The expression of leg patterning genes during regeneration may be epigenetically controlled by histone H3K27 methylation via Enhancer-of-zeste and Ubiquitously-transcribed-tetratricopeptide-repeat-gene-X-chromosome. For the molecular mechanism of intercalation of the missing structures between the amputated position and the most distal one, Dachsous/Fat (Ds/Ft) steepness model has been proposed, in which the Ds/Ft pathway maintains positional information and determines leg size through dac expression. This model was theoretically verified to interpret the experimental results obtained with cricket legs. Availability of whole-genome sequence information, regeneration-dependent RNA interference, and genome editing technique will have the cricket be an ideal model system to reveal gene functions in leg regeneration.

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An extended steepness model for leg-size determination based on Dachsous/Fat trans-dimer system

Cited by 7 publications

References 25 publications

The Fat/Hippo signaling pathway links within‐disc morphogen patterning to whole‐animal signals during phenotypically plastic growth in insects

The Fat/Hippo signaling pathway links within‐disc morphogen patterning to whole‐animal signals during phenotypically plastic growth in insects

Newts can normalize duplicated proximal–distal disorder during limb regeneration

Molecular mechanisms of limb regeneration: insights from regenerating legs of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus

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