An extended framework for characterizing social robots

Abstract

Social robots are becoming increasingly diverse in their design, behavior, and usage. In this chapter, we provide a broad-ranging overview of the main characteristics that arise when one considers social robots and their interactions with humans. We specifically contribute a framework for characterizing social robots along 7 dimensions that we found to be most relevant to their design. These dimensions are: appearance, social capabilities, purpose and application area, relational role, autonomy and intelligence, proximity, and temporal profile. Within each dimension, we account for the variety of social robots through a combination of classifications and/or explanations. Our framework builds on and goes beyond existing frameworks, such as classifications and taxonomies found in the literature. More specifically, it contributes to the unification, clarification, and extension of key concepts, drawing from a rich body of relevant literature. This chapter is meant to serve as a resource for researchers, designers, and developers within and outside the field of social robotics. It is intended to provide them with tools to better understand and position existing social robots, as well as to inform their future design.

Social Robots in Education for Long-Term Human-Robot Interaction : Socially Supportive Behaviour of Robotic Tutor for Creating Robo-Tangible Learning Environment in a Guided Discovery Learning Interaction

“…Personalized social support, such as utilising a child's name or alluding to earlier exchanges, is the low-hanging fruit of social engagement (50). Attention-guiding, exhibiting congruent gaze behaviour, nonverbal immediateness, and empathising with the learner are examples of more intricate prosocial behaviour that not only improves emotional outcomes but also leads to higher learning (51).…”