An exploratory study of knowledge flows: A case study of Public Sector Procurement

A Barrier Framework for open E-Learning in public administrations

“…For example, the hierarchy in administrations is one subcategory which includes bureaucratic processes. Both aspects appear to impede learning processes and the sharing of knowledge (Hazlett et al, 2008;OECD, 2003;Yang & Maxwell, 2011). A further, major barrier which was outlined in this respect is the lack of leadership in the public sector.…”

“…This barrier embraces the lack of regulatory frameworks for collaboration with other organizations (Hazlett et al, 2008;OECD, 2001) as well as the lack of coordinated implementation (Gil-Garcia et al, 2007). For example, deadlines or agreements on intermediate steps are neither made and held (Langford & Seaborne, 2003;Mahler, 1997) nor is adequate time granted to realize the goals (Gil-Garcia et al, 2007).…”

“…Another subcategory of barriers that several studies have pointed to is the lack of systemized training offers. To establish systemized training practices can require a corresponding regulatory framework which is often not provided (Hazlett et al, 2008;Kang et al, 2008). Closely related to that, another subcategory of barriers that studies have outlined is the lack of policy for providing rewards and incentives.…”

“…Another subcategory of the lack of resources in E-Learning is the lack of time. Since employees have a high workload, they face difficulties to conduct learning sessions during work (Hazlett, Mcadam, & Beggs, 2008;Langford & Seaborne, 2003). Correspondingly, dedicated time is needed to avoid that learning activities are transferred to the home space (Eidson, 2009).…”

“…The implementation phase of initiatives appears to be challenged by a lack of senior support (Askim, Johnsen, & Christophersen, 2008;Gil-Garcia et al, 2007;OECD, 2001OECD, , 2003. Later, a lack of assigned responsibilities to organize learning programs is an important barrier to consider (Hazlett et al, 2008) including a lack of tutors on the established platforms (Langford & Seaborne, 2003;Sannia et al, 2009).…”