An Exploratory Review of Pharmcological Activities of Notchi Kudineer- A Siddha Herbal Decoction Used in Covid-19

Abstract

COVID-19 Caused by the novel corona virus (SARS-CoV-2), which has already pushed the entire global community to change their priorities towards finding a suitable anti-viral medicine and a vaccine. While most of the countries have started to prescribe vaccines, which show varied levels of efficacy, finding an effective anti-viral medicine against the virus is still in the early stages despite full-fledged research activities at global level. Many countries particularly those having a rich traditional health science background like India and China started to recommend medicines belonging to local health traditions. The public utilization of those medicines also yielded good results in terms of prevention of the viral infection, reducing the severity of disease or/and reducing the number of days required to recover from the disease as perceived and reported by the patients and doctors.
 In Tamil Nadu, there are more than 80 million populations. Siddha medicine is the most widely used system of traditional medicine. ‘Suram’ is the Tamil word equivalent to the term ‘fever’. Kabasuram (Also known as Aiya suram) is one among the 64 types of fevers mentioned in Siddha symptoms of which are identical to those of COVID-19. “Notchi kudineer”– a Siddha herbal formulation is being used since many centuries for fever and respiratory disorders with remarkable success. This review article attempts to explore the pharmacological evidence in support of the therapeutic usage of “Notchi kudineer” hence justifying its usage in respiratory related illnesses having fever as a main symptom like the current pandemic of COVID-19.

Safety and efficacy of a Siddha Medicine fixed regimen for the treatment of asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 patients

“…The Siddha medicines probably have a similar anti-inflammatory action to the repurposed conventional drugs used in the pandemic and comparatively cost-effective treatment which needs to be explored in the future. Previously published works indicate that the ingredients of Kaba sura kudineer, Adhathodai manapaagu, Amukkara Chooranam Mathirai, Bramanandha Bairavam Mathirai, and Notchi kudineer are having Anti-viral, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-asthmatic, anti-diarrheal, and analgesic activities ( 13 ) ( 38 ). The molecular target action of the anti-inflammatory action of Kaba Sura Kudineer revealed the suppression of LPS induced pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and PGE2 levels that owe to the present treatment outcomes of the study ( 39 ).…”

“…( 10 ) The individual herbal formulations of Aadathodai Manapagu (AM)( 11 ) , Notchi Kudineer (NK) inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 virus in in-vitro studies. In-silico studies have indicated that phytoconstituents in Kaba Sura Kudineer (KSK)( 12 ), Notchi Kudineer (NK)( 13 ), Adathodai Kudineer (AK)( 14 ) , Thontha Sura Kudineer (TSK)( 12 ), target the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 virus, thereby making them potential drugs. KSK, a Siddha medicine with 15 herbs, showed a high binding affinity against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.…”