An exploration of the relationship between density and building energy performance

Quan, Steven Jige; Economou, Athanassios; Grasl, Thomas; Yang, Perry Pei‐Ju

doi:10.1057/s41289-020-00109-7

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Several parameters, referring to the urban form and urban density, have been considered in the literature to describe the urban morphology of a location. In this study, six major parameters have been considered to define the morphology of the neighborhoods: (i) the building height ( BH ), that is, the average height of the buildings in the sample area, (ii) the relative height ( H/H avg ), that is, an index to describe the solar exposition concerning the building heights ( Chatzipoulka, Compagnon and Nikolopoulou, 2016 ), (iii) the building coverage ratio ( BCR ), that is, the total built area in the sample area divided by the sample area ( Mohajeri et al, 2016 , Wei, Song, Wong and Martin, 2016 ) (iv) the building density ( BD , m 3 /m 2 ), that is, the total building volume in the sample area divided by the sample area ( Mohajeri et al, 2016 , Quan, Economou, Grasl and Yang, 2020 ), (v) the height-to-width ratio ( H/W ) ( Martin, Wong, Hii and Ignatius, 2017 , Javanroodi, Nik and Mahdavinejad, 2019 ), which is the ratio of the building height to the distance between buildings, and (vi) the sky view factor ( SVF ), which is used to measure the portion of sky visible from a given point ( Middel et al, 2018 , Javanroodi, Nik, Giometto and Scartezzini, 2022 ). SVF is used in the GIS-based engineering model to account for the solar exposition of the urban morphology and to quantify the thermal radiation lost to the sky considering a 200 × 200 meter grid size.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the energy performance of residential neighborhoods and their occupancy behavior

Todeschi

Javanroodi

Castello

et al. 2022

Sustainable Cities and Society

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the energy performance of residential neighborhoods and their occupancy behavior

Todeschi

Javanroodi

Castello

et al. 2022

Sustainable Cities and Society

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“…In addition to the known variables that influence consumptions at the building scale (i.e. compactness, exposure, thermal proprieties), urban energy models need to take into consideration the urban morphology of each neighborhood [11], focusing mainly on developed zones and on very dense areas [12].…”

Section: Research Gap and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Energy Architecture for Sustainable Neighborhoods

Todeschi¹,

Beltramino²,

Jamous³

et al. 2021

TI-IJES

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Nowadays, energy consumption in buildings is one of the fundamental drivers to control greenhouse gas emissions and environmental impact. In fact, the air quality of urban environments can cause two main phenomena in metropolitan areas: urban heat island and climate changes. The aim of this work is to showcase how different building variables can impact the residential building’s space heating and cooling energy consumption. Buildings energy-related variables can be fundamental viewpoints to improve the energy performance of neighborhoods, especially in future urban planning. This work examines four neighborhoods in the city of Turin (IT): Arquata, Crocetta, Sacchi, and Olympic Village characterized by different morphologies and building typologies. In each neighborhood, residential building was grouped according to orientations and construction periods. A sensitivity analysis was applied by analysing six building variables: infiltration rate, window-to-wall ratio, and windows, walls, roofs, and floor thermal transmittances. The energy consumption for space heating and cooling of residential buildings and local climate conditions were investigated using CitySim Pro tool and ENVI-met. The challenge of this work is to identify the building variables that most influence energy consumption and to understand how to promote high-energy efficiency neighborhoods: the goal is to identify the “ideal” urban form with low consumption and good comfort conditions in outdoor urban environments. The results of this work show a significant connection between the energy consumption and the six analyzed building variables; however, this relationship also depends on the shape and orientation of the neighborhood.

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“…The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport (MLIT) provides monthly gas and electricity use, and plot information. The urban form indicators are 10 widely-used urban planning parameters (Table 1): number of plots, average plot size, number of buildings [10], average building height [10], FAR [9], building coverage ratio [12,13], green area ratio, waterbody area ratio, average building age [10], and population density [10].…”

Section: Research Scope and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Form Typology and Building Energy Use: Empirical Investigation in Seoul

Na¹,

Li²,

Yi³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Urban form play an important role in influencing building energy use. Previous empirical studies on urban form and building energy mostly represented urban form as separate indicators of form components and socioeconomic conditions. However, urban form is a complex system that consists of different components and interactions. Thus, simply considering urban form as an aggregation of their components and properties often suffers from strong correlations among these factors and the confounding effect as in previous studies. To better understand the energy performance of complex urban form, this study identifies urban form typologies in Seoul using unsupervised learning and examines the energy performance of those typologies. The Gaussian mixture model (GMM), a widely used clustering method, is adopted to identify 16 urban form typologies based on 10 common urban form and population distribution factors. Electricity use and gas use in different typologies in 2019 are collected and compared using the Brown Forsythe ANOVA and Games Howell post hoc test. Results suggest that urban form typologies reflect energy efficiency to a certain degree, and the difference in energy efficiency across urban form typologies is more significant in gas than in electricity because of occupant behavior differences in their use. Among the urban form typologies, high-rise high-density urban form type is the most efficient, and the high-rise mixed type is the least efficient. The findings from this research could help urban planners and designers to understand the relationship between complex urban form and building energy better to support planning and design toward an energy-efficient urban form.

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An exploration of the relationship between density and building energy performance

Cited by 16 publications

References 56 publications

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the energy performance of residential neighborhoods and their occupancy behavior

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the energy performance of residential neighborhoods and their occupancy behavior

Low-Energy Architecture for Sustainable Neighborhoods

Urban Form Typology and Building Energy Use: Empirical Investigation in Seoul

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