“…These organizations do not decide on the adoption or implementation of policy directly but, instead, they serve primarily in a supporting role, such as through the provision of information or expert advice (Barnes et al, 2014; Cooper & Shewchuk, 2015; Hammond et al, 2022; Lubienski et al, 2014; Malin et al, 2020; Neal et al, 2019; Ness, 2010; Nutley et al, 2007; Shewchuk & Farley-Ripple, 2022; Tseng & Nutley, 2014). Similar to research on knowledge brokering, authors underscore the role of trust by policymakers when considering whether an intermediary is viewed as a valued source of research and information (Barnes et al, 2014; Daly et al, 2014; Finnigan & Daly, 2014; Malin et al, 2020; Ness, 2010; Shewchuk & Farley-Ripple, 2022). For example, DeBray et al (2014) investigate the use and misuse of research by intermediary organizations in New Orleans regarding charter school effectiveness.…”