An exploration of biodiesel for application in aviation and automobile sector

Das, Subhadip; Chowdhury, Aniket

doi:10.1016/j.nexus.2023.100204

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 230 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4] Furthermore, the increase in vehicle weight directly contributes to environmental pollution through elevated fuel consumption. 5,6 Simultaneously, the ability of the car body to withstand various loads, particularly impact loads at different velocities throughout its operational lifespan, represents a vital parameter that designers and manufacturers must take into account. 6,7 Car bodies are typically constructed using two main types of materials: metals and composite materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,6 Simultaneously, the ability of the car body to withstand various loads, particularly impact loads at different velocities throughout its operational lifespan, represents a vital parameter that designers and manufacturers must take into account. 6,7 Car bodies are typically constructed using two main types of materials: metals and composite materials. 8,9 Historically, car bodies were predominantly composed of various metals, such as iron and aluminum alloys.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of graphene oxide addition on low velocity impact performance of aramid fiber reinforced epoxy composites

Azimpour‐Shishevan,

Mohtadi‐Bonab,

Rahmatinejad

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, the impact of incorporating graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles into the matrix of aramid fiber reinforced polymer (AFRP) composites was investigated. The GO nanoparticles were dispersed in the AFRP matrix at three different weight percentages: 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%. The fabrication of the GO dispersed AFRP nanocomposites was achieved using the vacuum assisted resin infusion molding (VARIM) method, and the AFRP plates were cut using a water jet. The sectioned specimens of the fabricated nanocomposites were subjected to low velocity impact tests. The effects of introducing GO nanoparticles at different percentages were evaluated by analyzing the contact force, deflection, maximum absorbed energy versus time and contact force versus deflection curves. Finally, the key parameters of low velocity impact, including contact force, deflection, and maximum absorbed energy, were compared for the different fabricated AFRP nanocomposites. Based on the results, the AFRP composite with 0.3 wt.% of GO nanoparticles exhibited the best performance under low velocity impact loading conditions. However, the agglomeration of nanoparticles became a significant challenge when higher percentages of GO nanoparticles were added to the composite structure. The findings highlight the importance of determining the optimal percentage of nano materials for incorporation into composite structures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of graphene oxide addition on low velocity impact performance of aramid fiber reinforced epoxy composites

Azimpour‐Shishevan,

Mohtadi‐Bonab,

Rahmatinejad

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Nevertheless, using refined vegetable oils in industrial biodiesel production significantly contributes to the overall cost. As a result, there is a growing emphasis on exploring alternative and cost-effective raw materials (Brahma et al, 2022;Das & Chowdhury, 2023;Ferrero et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintaining high‐triglyceride content and reducing free fatty acids in distillers corn oil: A catalyst‐free multivariate strategy

Villarruel,

de Carvalho Filho,

Garcia

et al. 2023

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Distillers corn oil (DCO), a byproduct of corn ethanol production, offers an alternative glyceride source for biodiesel production. Nonetheless, its higher free fatty acids (FFA) content compared to other vegetable oils hampers its direct conversion into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) due to soap formation, catalysts' activity decreasing, and emulsions generation (thus reducing FAME yield), which compromise the quality and stability of the biodiesel produced. Thus, pretreatment steps such as esterification may reduce the FFA to mitigate these issues. In this context, by utilizing glycerine, a solution emerges: esterifying these high‐acidity oils to convert FFA into triglycerides (TAG) before transesterification. However, little is known about how integrated reaction conditions can affect the process in a catalyst‐free system. Thus, our study was guided by a clear‐cut objective: transforming DCO into a raw material ideally suited for biodiesel production, which involved a dramatic reduction in FFA content, reducing it from 18% to a mere 2% while preserving a high concentration of TAG. For that, we systematically employed a response surface methodology with a three‐factorial central composite design to investigate the complex interactions among key parameters: temperature, vacuum pressure, and the glycerol/oil mass ratio. Elevated temperatures and a 2:1 glycerol/oil mass ratio were beneficial for FFA reduction, increased TAG content, and improved oil color. Interaction analysis identified synergistic temperature and vacuum pressure effects on FFA reduction, TAG production, and photometric color index reduction, revealing optimal conditions. Hence, the statistical model highlights DCO as a viable oil for future transesterification processes, laying the foundation for an eco‐friendly and economically efficient biodiesel production network.

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Evaluation of Microbial Phospholipase and Lipase Activity Through the Chromatographic Analysis of Crude, Degummed, and Transesterified Soybean Oil for Biodiesel Production

Eddehech,

Tropea,

Rigano

et al. 2024

J of Separation Science

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The present study aimed at synthesizing fatty acid methyl esters in a combined enzymatic method by applying degumming and transesterification of soybean oil. A soluble lipase from Serratia sp. W3 and a recombinant phosphatidylcholine‐preferring phospholipase C (PC‐PLC) from Bacillus thuringiensis were used in a consecutive manner for phosphorus removal and conversion into methyl esters. By applying 1% of recombinant PC‐PLC almost 83% of phosphorus was removed (final content of 21.01 mg/kg). Moreover, a sensitive and selective high‐performance liquid chromatography method coupled to tandem mass spectrometry was applied to obtain a comprehensive lipid profile for the simultaneous evaluation of phospholipids removal and diacylglycerol (DAG) increase. A significant increase for all the monitored DAG species, up to 138.42%, was observed by using the enzymatic degumming, in comparison to the crude sample, resulting in an increased oil yield. Serratia sp. W3 lipase was identified as a suitable biocatalyst for biodiesel production, converting efficiently the acylglycerols. The results regarding the physical‐chemical characteristics show that the cetane level, density and pour point of the obtained biodiesel are close to current regulation requirements. These findings highlight the potential of a two‐step process implementation, based on the combination of lipase and phospholipase, as a suitable alternative for biodiesel production.

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An exploration of biodiesel for application in aviation and automobile sector

Cited by 9 publications

References 230 publications

The effects of graphene oxide addition on low velocity impact performance of aramid fiber reinforced epoxy composites

The effects of graphene oxide addition on low velocity impact performance of aramid fiber reinforced epoxy composites

Maintaining high‐triglyceride content and reducing free fatty acids in distillers corn oil: A catalyst‐free multivariate strategy

Evaluation of Microbial Phospholipase and Lipase Activity Through the Chromatographic Analysis of Crude, Degummed, and Transesterified Soybean Oil for Biodiesel Production

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