An exploration for deep-sea fish sounds off Vancouver Island from the NEPTUNE Canada ocean observing system

Wall, Carrie C.; Rountree, Rodney A.; Pomerleau, Corinne; Juanes, Francis

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2013.09.004

Cited by 36 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Based on anatomical data, i.e., the presence of sonic swimbladder muscles, only a small number of families (mostly ophidiids, macrourids, and possibly morids) produce sound in the deep ocean where it would be of maximal advantage (Marshall 1962) due to the absence of surface light and low population densities. Although whale sounds are commonly recorded in deep water, fish sounds have not been demonstrated conclusively (Mann and Jarvis 2004;Wall et al 2012Wall et al , 2013Wall et al , 2014 below some hundreds of meters. Quite likely, sounds are important for courtship and reproduction in deep water, but it is unlikely that females are homing in on male callers from great distances.…”

Section: Water As An Acoustic Mediummentioning

confidence: 97%

Mechanisms of Fish Sound Production

Fine

Parmentier

2015

Animal Signals and Communication

111

123

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Fishes have evolved multiple mechanisms for sound production, many of which utilize sonic muscles that vibrate the swimbladder or the rubbing of bony elements. Sonic muscles are among the fastest muscles in vertebrates and typically drive the swimbladder to produce one sound cycle per contraction. These muscles may be extrinsic, typically extending from the head to the swimbladder, or intrinsic, likely a more-derived condition, in which muscles attach exclusively to the bladder wall. Recently discovered in Ophidiiform fishes, slow muscles stretch the swimbladder and associated tendons, allowing sound production by rebound (cock and release). In glaucosomatids, fast muscles produce a weak sound followed by a louder one, again produced by rebound, which may reflect an intermediate in the evolution of slow to superfast sonic muscles. Historically, the swimbladder has been modeled as an underwater resonant bubble. We provide evidence for an alternative hypothesis, namely that bladder sounds are driven as a forced rather than a resonant response, thus accounting for broad tuning, rapid damping, and directionality of fish sounds. Cases of sounds that damp slowly, an indication of resonance, are associated with tendons or bones that continue to vibrate and hence drive multiple cycles of swimbladder sound. Stridulation sounds, best studied in catfishes and damselfishes, are produced, respectively, as a series of quick jerks causing rubbing of a ribbed process against a rough surface or rapid jaw closing mediated by a specialized tendon. A cladogram of sonic fishes suggests that fish sound production has arisen independently multiple times.

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Section: Water As An Acoustic Mediummentioning

confidence: 97%

Mechanisms of Fish Sound Production

Fine

Parmentier

2015

Animal Signals and Communication

111

123

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“…Fish sounds are unknown at great depths (mid or deep continental slope to the abyss), and research in this field has been largely neglected since the pioneering work of NB Marshall in the 1960s (Marshall, 1962(Marshall, , 1967. A potential fish sound, localized at about 700 m (Mann and Jarvis, 2004), provides an indication of how little is known (Rountree et al, 2012;Wall et al, 2014) although numerous fish sounds have been recorded in shallow water (Fish and Mowbray, 1970;Lobel et al, 2010). Marshall focused on anatomy of fishes with muscles attached to the swimbladder and indicated that two families, the Macrouridae (grenadiers or rattails) and the Ophidiidae (cusk-eels), are the major sonic groups on the continental slope.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and sexual dimorphism of the sonic system in three deep-sea neobythitine fishes and comparisons between upper mid and lower continental slope

Fine

Ali

Nguyen

et al. 2018

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

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Based on morphology, NB Marshall identified cusk-eels (family Ophidiidae) as one of the chief sound-producing groups on the continental slope. Due to food scarcity, we hypothesized that sonic systems will be reduced at great depths despite their potential importance in sexual reproduction. We examined this hypothesis in the cuskeel subfamily Neobythitinae by comparing sonic morphology in Atlantic species from the upper-mid (Dicrolene intronigra) and deeper continental slope (Porogadus miles and Bathyonus pectoralis) with three Taiwanese species previously described from the upper slope (Hoplobrotula armatus, Neobythites longipes and N. unimaculatus). In all six species, medial muscles are heavier in males than in females. Dicrolene has four pairs of sonic muscles similar to the shallow Pacific species, suggesting neobythitine sonic anatomy is conservative and sufficient food exists to maintain a well-developed system at depths exceeding 1 km. The sonic system in Porogadus and Bathyonus was reduced to a single pair of ventral medial muscles that connects to a smaller and thinner swimbladder via a long tendon. Small muscle fiber diameters, a likely indicator of rapid contraction, were present in males of five of the species. However, in Bathyonus, the deepest species (pale coloration, reduced eye size, shorter sonic muscles and longer tendons), muscle fibers were larger suggesting an adaptation to facilitate rapid bladder movement for sound production while using slower contractions and less metabolic energy. The six species separate into three groups in length-weight regressions: the three upper slope species have the greatest weights per unit length, Dicrolene is lower, and the two deep species are further reduced consistent with the hypothesis that food limitation affects sonic anatomy at great depths.

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“…78,79 For example, of the approximately 400 fish species in British Columbia waters, only 22 have been reported to "vocalize" in large part because sound production has been investigated in so few species. 80 This is especially true in the deep sea, where fish sounds have rarely been studied despite the fact that many species possess sonic muscles presumably used in vocalization. 81,82 Although many fishes and invertebrates do not produce purposeful sounds, it is important to understand that incidental sound production may occur upon physiological and behavioral activity (e.g., specific swimming and feeding mode sounds).…”

Section: Roadmap For the Monitoring Of Ecosystem Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%