An Explicit Full-Range Settling Velocity Equation for Mud Flocs

Strom, Kyle; Keyvani, Ali

doi:10.2110/jsr.2011.62

Cited by 47 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Relative to the net gravitational force ðF g À F b Þ, viscous drag F d;v spanned about one order of magnitude for aggregates of the lowest and highest d, and confirms previous observations in Strom and Keyvani (2011) (Fig. 6a).…”

Section: Experimentally-determined Forcessupporting

confidence: 90%

“…It is also well understood that irregular sand and silt particles are subject to higher drag (resistance) as compared to spherical solid particles of equivalent size (Rubey, 1933;Dietrich, 1982;Loth, 2008), and that drag is higher also for flocculated suspended particle matter (Hallermeier, 1981;Ahrens, 2000) presumably because of the complex geometry of surface asperities and pores. More recently, attempts have been undertaken to estimate the drag on fractal aggregates based on models of their internal geometry (Rogak and Flagan, 1990;Tang and Raper, 2002;Garcia-Ybarra et al, 2006) or by analysis of experimental data (Strom and Keyvani, 2011;Maggi, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental evidence of how the fractal structure controls the hydrodynamic resistance on granular aggregates moving through water

Maggi

2015

Journal of Hydrology

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Section: Experimentally-determined Forcessupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evidence of how the fractal structure controls the hydrodynamic resistance on granular aggregates moving through water

Maggi

2015

Journal of Hydrology

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“…Details regarding the functionality of Eq. (7) and the parameter definitions can be found in Strom and Keyvani (2011). To solve for erosion with Eq.…”

Section: Sediment Movement Through the Reachmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of a salt wedge intrusion on fluvial suspended sediment and the implications for sediment transport to the adjacent coastal ocean: A study of the lower Brazos River TX, USA

et al. 2015

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“…Since the primary particles were the same in each experiment, a single Stokes settling velocity of W sp 50:029 mm/s was used for all experiments. For the flocs, the size data from the image analysis routines were used along with the settling velocity equation [Strom and Keyvani, 2011]: …”

Section: 1002/2015jc010750mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on other flocculation experiments with the same sediment and water mixture [Kumar et al, 2010;Strom and Keyvani, 2011], a fractal dimension of n f 5 2 along with shape coefficients of b 1 518 and b 2 50:548 where used. The averaged floc settling velocities from different runs of the experiment are presented in Figure 5 and Table 1.…”

Section: 1002/2015jc010750mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentation from flocculated suspensions in the presence of settling‐driven gravitational interface instabilities

Rouhnia

Strom

2015

JGR Oceans

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We experimentally examine sedimentation from a freshwater suspension of clay flocs overlying saltwater in the presence of gravitational instabilities. The study seeks to determine: (1) if flocculation hampers or alters interface instability formation; (2) how the removal rates of sediment from the buoyant layer compare to those predicted by individual floc settling; and (3) whether or not it is possible to develop a model for effective settling velocity. The experiments were conducted in a tank at isothermal conditions. All experiments were initially stably stratified but later developed instabilities near the interface that grew into downward convecting plumes of fluid and sediment. Throughout, we measured sediment concentration in the upper and lower layers, floc size, and plume descent rates. The data showed that flocculation modifies the mixture settling velocity, and therefore shifts the mode of interface instability from double‐diffusive (what one would expect from unflocculated clay) to settling‐driven leaking and Rayleigh‐Taylor instability formation. Removal rates of sediment from the upper layer in the presence of these instabilities were on the same order of magnitude as those predicted by individual floc settling. However, removal rates were found to better correlate with the speed of the interface plumes. A simple force‐balance model was found to be capable of reasonably describing plume velocity based on concentration in the buoyant layer. This relation, coupled with a critical Grashof number and geometry relations, allowed us to develop a model for the effective settling velocity of the mixture based solely on integral values of the upper layer.

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An Explicit Full-Range Settling Velocity Equation for Mud Flocs

Cited by 47 publications

References 54 publications

Experimental evidence of how the fractal structure controls the hydrodynamic resistance on granular aggregates moving through water

Experimental evidence of how the fractal structure controls the hydrodynamic resistance on granular aggregates moving through water

The influence of a salt wedge intrusion on fluvial suspended sediment and the implications for sediment transport to the adjacent coastal ocean: A study of the lower Brazos River TX, USA

Sedimentation from flocculated suspensions in the presence of settling‐driven gravitational interface instabilities

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