An Explicit Analytical Solution for the Transcendental Equation Describing Saturated Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers

Desurvire, E.

doi:10.1006/ofte.1996.0042

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Although numerical solutions of rate equations consisting of BASE are discussed in the literature [5,7,[12][13][14][15][16], the detail quantitative results on BASE are not available. However, an in-depth discussion is available in chapter 7 of Digonnet [9].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method is rigorous but poses a convergence problem and consumes a lot of computation time, when the total C-band spectrum (1525-1565 nm) is subdivided into wavelength strips of 1 nm to incorporate multichannel transmission. To overcome the problem, large numbers of analytical and approximate methods [5,[12][13][14][15] have been reported. Recently, blackbox models have been proposed in which gain and noise figures of EDFA are represented by empirical formulae based on some experimentally determined parameters [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Numerical Method to Model Multichannel Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier

Priye

Singh²,

Arya

2006

Fiber and Integrated Optics

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We propose a novel numerical method based on genetic algorithm (GA) to solve the evolution equations that are the basis of modeling multichannel erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs). The evolution equations are first transformed from an iteration problem to an optimization problem. The unknown parameter related to backward amplified spontaneous emission (BASE) is coded into a string of bits based on their probable lower and upper limits. By defining proper random variation operators and cost function, the coupled evolution equations are optimized using GA for different values of erbium-doped fiber parameters. It is observed that GA is an efficient method for analyzing the EDFA characteristics in the entire C-band.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Numerical Method to Model Multichannel Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier

Priye

Singh²,

Arya

2006

Fiber and Integrated Optics

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“…Equation (4) for the average inversion level dynamics can be linearised about nominal operating points, which in general are time varying, that is N 20 (t), P in 00 (t), P in 10 (t), ..., P in n0 (t). These operating points can be as well taken as constant steady-state operating points defined in [38,39]…”

Section: Design Of An Observer Needed For the Integral Controllermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equation (4) for the average inversion level dynamics can be linearised about nominal operating points, which in general are time varying, that is

N_{20} false(t false), P_{00}^{in} false(t false), P_{10}^{in} false(t false), \dots, P_{n 0}^{in} false(t false)

. These operating points can be as well taken as constant steady‐state operating points defined in [38, 39] as

N_{2}^{eq} = - \frac{1}{L ζ} {false\sum}_{j = 0}^{n} P_{j}^{in} false(t false) (}{, e^{false[false(α_{j} + γ_{j} false) N_{2}^{eq} - α_{j} false] L} - 1)

The actual signal values are assumed to be close to the nominal signal values, that is

\begin{matrix} right leftthickmathspace.5em \\ N_{2} (t) = N_{20} (t) + Δ N_{2} (t), \\ P_{i}^{in} (t) = P_{i 0}^{in} (t) + Δ P_{i}^{in} (t), i = 0, 1, 2, \dots, n \end{matrix}

with

normalΔ N_{2} false(t false), normalΔ P_{i}^{in} false(t false), i = 0, 1, 2, \dots, n

being small. Note that the operating points satisfy the original system differential (4)

\begin{matrix} right leftthickmathspace.5em \end{matrix}

…”

Section: Design Of An Observer Needed For the Integral Controllermentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐linear integral control of photon power transients in optical communication networks with erbium‐doped fibre amplifiers

Radisavljević-Gajić¹

2014

IET Circuits, Devices & Systems

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In this study the authors present a novel technique for control of signal power transients caused by signal add/drops in optical communication networks with erbium-doped fibre amplifiers (EDFAs). The approach utilises the electronic automatic gain control that combines both feedback and feedforward control of EDFA. Feedback control is non-linear integral control and feedforward control is a steady-state gain scheduling technique. The feedback non-linear control requires information about the average inversion level that is obtained via a simple linearised first-order observer. The scheduling variable used is the nominal pump power needed to keep the average inversion level at the desired value at steady state and the input signal powers given at particular wavelengths. In the simplified gain scheduling version, the scheduling variable is the total input signal power. Simulation examples indicate that the proposed controller completely eliminates at steady state the photon power transients caused by signal add/drops with the steady state being reached within a few milliseconds.

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Extension of Semi-analytical Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier Model to Self-Saturation Regime

Nissov

1997

Optical Fiber Technology

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An Explicit Analytical Solution for the Transcendental Equation Describing Saturated Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Novel Numerical Method to Model Multichannel Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier

Novel Numerical Method to Model Multichannel Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier

Non‐linear integral control of photon power transients in optical communication networks with erbium‐doped fibre amplifiers

Extension of Semi-analytical Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier Model to Self-Saturation Regime

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