An explication of Arikara culture history

Krause, Richard A.

doi:10.1080/00320447.2016.1245958

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Populations engaged in mixed economies that included hunting, fishing, crop cultivation, and trade (particularly with the nomadic Sioux). (39) Cultural homogeneity across Arikara villages was maintained by extensive trade networks that provided opportunities for marriage, adoption, and resulted in direct and indirect contact with Europeans (38). There was a strict gender-based division of labor within households with men engaging in greater mobility (trade and farming) and acts of extreme physical exertion from hunting and warfare/conflict.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was a strict gender-based division of labor within households with men engaging in greater mobility (trade and farming) and acts of extreme physical exertion from hunting and warfare/conflict. Women were primarily engaged in domestic tasks that required longer working hours than men and a range of activities from house building, farming, textile and hide production/processing, and food production (including tools) (39). Data from Leavenworth (n=115), Mobridge (n=56), and Larson (n=30) result in a total of 201 individuals used in this study (Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was a strict gender-based division of labor within households with men engaging in trade and acts of extreme physical exertion (e.g., hunting and warfare/conflict). Women were primarily engaged in farming but also had a wide range of activities (e.g., trade of farmed goods, house building, textile and hide production/processing, and food and tool production) that likely required longer bouts of labor than men (Krause, 2016). There were 201 individuals used in this study: Leavenworth (n=115), Mobridge (n=56), and Larson (n=30) (Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual dimorphism and biomechanical loading in occipital bone morphological variation

Hoover

Thomas

2022

Preprint

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This research explores the contribution of biomechanical activity to several metric and non-metric aspects of occipital bone variation. Previous studies note that occipital traits including robusticity and size can often be used to illicit estimates of ancestry and sex. The utility of occipital traits in fragmentary human remains for population affinity or sex however may be compromised by a previously unexplored contribution from biomechanical stress. Through the examination of traits highly associated with biological sex (foramen magnum area, external occipital protuberance depth, lambda-inion length, bicondylar breadth, occipital form, and nuchal line rugosity) this study examined the potential sex estimation against a reflection of gender specific lifestyle differences or changes in activity patterns over time in occipital dimensions. Directly collected data and previously published data were analyzed from several sites, including Archaic hunter-gatherers from Florida, Agricultural groups from South Dakota, and modern populations from FSU teaching collection and the Terry and Hamann-Todd collections. Findings suggest that the foramen magnum area is not sufficiently dimorphic amongst our samples to accurately estimate biological sex and significant inter-group variation in bicondylar breadth and lambda-inion may indicate activity related differences.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sexual dimorphism and biomechanical loading in occipital bone morphological variation

Hoover

Thomas

2022

Preprint

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“…There was a strict gender‐based division of labor within households with men engaging in trade and acts of extreme physical exertion (e.g., hunting and warfare/conflict). Women were primarily engaged in farming but also had a wide range of activities (e.g., trade of farmed goods, house building, textile and hide production/processing, and food and tool production) that likely required longer bouts of labor than men (Krause, 2016). There were 201 individuals used in this study: Leavenworth ( n = 115), Mobridge ( n = 56), and Larson ( n = 30) (Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mobridge is the earliest of the three sites and was settled prior to contact but all sites overlap with historic contact and the introduction of the horse to the area (Grant, 1995). Populations engaged in mixed economies that included hunting, fishing, crop cultivation, and trade (particularly with the nomadic Sioux) but are perhaps best described as horticultural (Krause, 2016). Cultural homogeneity across Arikara villages was maintained by extensive trade networks that provided opportunities for marriage, adoption, and resulted in direct and indirect contact with Europeans (Grant, 1995).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual dimorphism and biomechanical loading in occipital bone morphological variation

Hoover

Thomas

2022

American J Hum Biol

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We explore the contribution of biological sex and biomechanical activity from subsistence to occipital bone variation. Previous studies have used occipital bone traits to determine biological sex and identify ancestry to differing degrees of success. Biomechanical stress from variation in subsistence and gender-based divisions of labor could perhaps explain some of the noise in the signal for these grouping variables. To explore this possibility, we used metric (foramen magnum length and breadth, external occipital protuberance depth, lambda-inion length, bicondylar breadth) and nonmetric traits (general occipital form, presence of a nuchal crest, and nuchal line count). We collected original data and mined published data for our analysis using skeletal collections of Native American hunter-gatherers and horticulturalists, a historic military site, and contemporary study collections. We find that the foramen magnum area exhibits sexual dimorphism and is not influenced by subsistence, but the accuracy of sex estimation is only 71%, suggesting the chance of being correct at slightly more than two-thirds. All traits exhibited sex-based variation but only bicondylar breadth and lambda-inion metrics exhibited subsistence-based variation. Given the limited amount of variance explained by either sex or sex and subsistence, biomechanics may still play a role but not from the influence of subsistence practices in these datasets. Additional data from a wider array of skeletal samples, perhaps with known occupation, is warranted if we are to understand how occipital variation is shaped.

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Concluding remarks

Kroupa¹

2016

Plains Anthropologist

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An explication of Arikara culture history

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Sexual dimorphism and biomechanical loading in occipital bone morphological variation

Sexual dimorphism and biomechanical loading in occipital bone morphological variation

Sexual dimorphism and biomechanical loading in occipital bone morphological variation

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