An Explanation of Mental Symptoms Found in Acute Sensory Deprivation: Researches 1958-1963

Ziskind, Eugene

doi:10.1176/ajp.121.10.939

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…(1974 ) from anecdotal situations, Mendelson et al . (1958 ) examining clinical reports of patients in deprivation conditions and Ziskind (1965) reviewing the research on the effects of confinement, all note that patients generally show the severe effects of sensory deprivation and social isolation. These symptoms include hallucinations, non‐compliant behaviour, increased somnolence, confusion, restlessness and anxiety and the milder effects of boredom, loneliness and frustration.…”

Section: Related Literature On the Psychological Effects Of Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sensory deprivation and social isolation research have indicated that, under a wide variety of conditions, profound emotional, cognitive and perceptual alterations may occur in subjects. Early deprivation papers, including Popkin et al (1974) from anecdotal situations, Mendelson et al (1958) examining clinical reports of patients in deprivation conditions and Ziskind (1965) reviewing the research on the effects of con®nement, all note that patients generally show the severe effects of sensory deprivation and social isolation. These symptoms include hallucinations, non-compliant behaviour, increased somnolence, confusion, restlessness and anxiety and the milder effects of boredom, loneliness and frustration.…”

Section: Literature Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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The psychological consequences of source isolation: a review of the literature

Gammon

1999

Journal of Clinical Nursing

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Source isolation can be an extremely frightening and anxiety provoking experience. With the many epidemiological changes that are prevalent in the UK today the need to care for individuals in source isolation is becoming increasingly important to prevent the spread of infection in hospitals. However, the psychological effects of source isolation are not well understood or researched. This review defines and examines the historical developments of source isolation and then discusses related research which suggests possible effects of source isolation on an individual's psychological well-being. Research which has determined the effects of sensory deprivation and social isolation are discussed, together with literature on the intensive care syndrome. This review highlights the lack of research on the psychological effects of source isolation. Furthermore, literature and research on related aspects of isolation suggests very serious effects are noted on the psychological well-being of individuals. Whilst a cessation of source isolation is not an option, urgent research is required to examine what nurse interventions can be implemented to ameliorate these negative effects.

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Section: Related Literature On the Psychological Effects Of Isolationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

The psychological consequences of source isolation: a review of the literature

Gammon

1999

Journal of Clinical Nursing

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“…The medical setting of germin ''deprivation" conditions [23] and experimental meth-free environments limits physical involvement. Early exods of confinement [17][18][19][20][21][22]. Hebb, in his pioneering perimental animal research by Harlow [36] documented experimental work on sensory deprivation between 1953 the need of adequate physical contact between the young and 1958, first reported unusual mental symptoms of monkey and its mother for normal behavior and survival.…”

Section: Historical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature on sensory deprivation [17][18][19][20][21][22][23], social isolation in extreme or novel environments [24], intensive care unit syndrome [25-301, long-term isolation of children [3 1-34], parental separation from children [35], and the importance of maternal and oral stimulation on early behavioral development [36-381, has provided experiences that could be theoretically relevant to treatment in protected germ-free environments. This review examines the literature to date on the psychological aspects of germ-free environments, presents a few clinical vignettes from the Bone Marrow Transplanation Unit at Michael Reese Hospital, outlines patient management, and focuses attention on future studies needed in this area.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological aspects of patients in germ-free isolation: A review of child, adult, and patient management literature

Lesko

Kern

Hawkins

1984

Med. Pediatr. Oncol.

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Life-threatening medical conditions such as severe combined immunodeficiency disease, leukemia, severe aplastic anemia, radiation injury, burns, organ transplantation, and aggressive administration of chemotherapy often necessitate the isolation of the patient in a protected germ-free environment for weeks or months. This treatment milieu has the effect of extensive psychological and physical isolation from family and staff. A review of the literature was undertaken to investigate the psychological implications of such treatment and to question the possibility that this isolation therapy might produce a unique type of psychological stress. Most authors agree that patients are able to withstand the emotional stress of germ-free isolation and that behavioral changes relate more to the severity of the illness rather than to the isolation. However, there may be inherent stresses related to isolator therapy that can be alleviated by environmental manipulation. Case vignettes are included and patient management in such an environment is outlined.

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“…The pathogenesis of delusions and hallucinations in paraphrenia and other psychotic states is poorly understood (Fish, 1974;Siegler and West, 1975;Slade, 1976;Assad and Shapiro, 1986). Amongst the factors suggested have been general ageing (Sjogren, 1964;Kay, 1972), physical illness which reduces vitality (Kay, 1972), sensory defects (Herbert and Jacobson, 1967;Kay and Roth, 1961;Cooper et al, 1974, social isolation (Mayer-Gross et al, 1969), heredity and constitutional factors including HLA abnormalities (Kay, 1963(Kay, , 1972Post, 1966;, structural brain disease and sensory deprivation (Kenna, 1962;Ziskend, 1965). Social isolation was a factor in all the four cases presented in this article, as also was a sensitive, suspicious (almost hostile), premorbid personality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between peripheral sensory disturbance and onset of symptoms in elderly paraphrenics

Soni

1988

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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SUMMARYFour cases of paraphrenia with multiple sensory disturbances are presented in which there was a close temporal relationship between the development of a disturbance in one sensory modality and the onset of psychiatric symptoms pertaining to it. In some instances, relief of the sensory dysfunction was followed by amelioration of the corresponding psychiatric symptom. It is suggested that in the presence of the right constitutional/environmental milieu, delusions and/ or hallucinations may be precipitated by the development of peripheral sensory disturbances and since the latter, not infrequently, result from a treatable disorder, paraphrenics should be investigated thoroughly before instituting neuroleptic therapy.

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An Explanation of Mental Symptoms Found in Acute Sensory Deprivation: Researches 1958-1963

Cited by 24 publications

References 14 publications

The psychological consequences of source isolation: a review of the literature

The psychological consequences of source isolation: a review of the literature

Psychological aspects of patients in germ-free isolation: A review of child, adult, and patient management literature

Relationship between peripheral sensory disturbance and onset of symptoms in elderly paraphrenics

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