An explanation for the occurrence of Capillaria hepatica ova in human faeces suggested by the finding of three new hosts used as food

Foster, A. O.; Johnson, Carl M.

doi:10.1016/s0035-9203(39)90027-1

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Capillaria sp. was reported to infect Cebus capucinus ( Foster and Johnson, 1939 ) and Alouatta palliata ( Helenbrook et al., 2015 ) with a prevalence of 38%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal parasites in captive and free-ranging Cebus albifrons in the Western Amazon, Ecuador

Martin-Solano

Carrillo-Bilbao

Ramírez

et al. 2017

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Currently, there is a lack of surveys that report the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in the white-headed capuchin monkey (Cebus albifrons). We therefore assessed the presence and richness (= number of different parasite genera) of parasites in C. albifrons in wildlife refuges (n = 11) and in a free-ranging group near a human village (n = 15) in the Ecuadorian Amazon. In the 78 samples collected (median of 3 samples per animal), we identified a total of 6 genera of gastrointestinal parasites, representing protozoa, nematodes, acanthocephalans and cestodes. We observed a high prevalence (84%) across the 26 individuals, with the most prevalent parasite being Strongyloides sp. (76.9%), followed by Hymenolepis sp. (38.5%) and Prosthenorchis elegans (11.5%). We found Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moskovskii/nuttalli and Capillaria sp. in only a minority of the animals (3.8%). In addition, we observed unidentified strongyles in approximately one-third of the animals (34.6%). We found a total of 6 parasite genera for the adult age group, which showed higher parasite richness than the subadult age group (5) and the juvenile age group (3). Faecal egg/cyst counts were not significantly different between captive and free-ranging individuals or between sexes or age groups. The free-ranging group had a higher prevalence than the captive group; however, this difference was not significant. The only genus common to captive and free-ranging individuals was Strongyloides sp. The high prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites and the presence of Strongyloides in both populations support results from previous studies in Cebus species. This high prevalence could be related to the high degree of humidity in the region. For the free-ranging group, additional studies are required to gain insights into the differences in parasite prevalence and intensity between age and sex groups. Additionally, our study demonstrated that a serial sampling of each individual increases the test sensitivity.

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“…Capillaria sp. was reported to infect Cebus capucinus ( Foster and Johnson, 1939 ) and Alouatta palliata ( Helenbrook et al., 2015 ) with a prevalence of 38%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal parasites in captive and free-ranging Cebus albifrons in the Western Amazon, Ecuador

Martin-Solano

Carrillo-Bilbao

Ramírez

et al. 2017

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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“…Peccaries of the species T. pecari and P. tajacu are natural reservoirs of C. hepaticum [16], [21], [36], are widely distributed in Brazil [37], and are one of the wild mammals most frequently used as food in Brazilian amazonian communities [19]. For these reasons we suggest that these animals can be an important source of spurious infection for humans in the Amazon region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several authors have suggested that the cause of this infection in determined populations is the mechanism of transmission based on the ingestion of non embryonated eggs present in the liver of mammals [15]–[20]. Foster & Johnson related the occurrence of spurious infection in natives of Panama to the encounter of three new hosts ( Tayassu pecari , Ateles geoffroyi and Cebus capucinus ) commonly used by the natives as food [16]. In a rural community in the Brazilian Amazon a case of spurious infection was associated with the reported consumption of liver of tapir [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calodium hepaticum: Household Clustering Transmission and the Finding of a Source of Human Spurious Infection in a Community of the Amazon Region

Gonçalves

Ascaso

Santos³

et al. 2012

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background: Calodium hepaticum (syn. Capillaria hepatica) is a worldwide helminth parasite of which several aspects of transmission still remain unclear. In the Amazon region, the mechanism of transmission based on the ingestion of eggs present in the liver of wild mammals has been suggested as the cause of the spurious infections described. We performed an epidemiological investigation to determine the incidence, risk of spurious infection and the dynamics of transmission of C. hepaticum in a community of the Brazilian Amazon. Methodology/Principal Findings: Stool samples of 135 individuals, two dog feces and liver tissue from a peccary (captured and eaten by the residents) were analyzed by conventional microscopy. Dog feces were collected from the gardens of households presenting human cases of spurious C. hepaticum infections. Community practices and feeding habits related to the transmission of the parasite were investigated. The individual incidence of spurious infection was 6.7% (95% CI: 2.08–11.24). Cases of spurious infection were observed in 7.5% of the families and the household incidence was from 50% to 83.3%. The risk of spurious infection was 10-fold greater in persons consuming the liver of wild mammals (p = 0.02). The liver tissue of a peccary and one feces sample of a dog presented eggs of C. hepaticum. The consumption of the infected liver was the cause of the spurious infections reported in one household. Conclusions/Significance: This is the first identification of a source of spurious infection by C. hepaticum in humans and we describe a high rate of incidence in household clusters related to game liver alimentary habits. The finding of a dog feces contaminating peridomiciliary ground suggests the risk of new infections. We conclude that the mechanism of transmission based on the ingestion of liver is important for the dynamics of transmission of C. hepaticum in the studied area.

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“…Calodium hepaticum; Hepaticola hepatica) é um helminto hepatotrópico da família Trichinellidae que comumente infecta roedores, lagomorfos e outros vertebrados como canídeos, felinos, 1,2,3,4 pecaris e primatas não humanos . Este parasita, potencialmente zoonótico, também é associado a casos 5,6,7,8 esporádicos de infecção em humanos .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Capillaria hepatica (Bancroft, 1893) (Nematoda) entre populações indígenas e mamíferos silvestres no noroeste do Estado do Mato Grosso, Brasil, 2000

et al. 2011

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An explanation for the occurrence of Capillaria hepatica ova in human faeces suggested by the finding of three new hosts used as food

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

Gastrointestinal parasites in captive and free-ranging Cebus albifrons in the Western Amazon, Ecuador

Gastrointestinal parasites in captive and free-ranging Cebus albifrons in the Western Amazon, Ecuador

Calodium hepaticum: Household Clustering Transmission and the Finding of a Source of Human Spurious Infection in a Community of the Amazon Region

Capillaria hepatica (Bancroft, 1893) (Nematoda) entre populações indígenas e mamíferos silvestres no noroeste do Estado do Mato Grosso, Brasil, 2000

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