An experimentally controlled extreme drought in a Norway spruce forest reveals fast hydraulic response and subsequent recovery of growth rates

Montwé, David; Spiecker, Heinrich; Hamann, Andreas

doi:10.1007/s00468-014-1002-5

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…HF densitometry has been shown to perform reliable measurements of wood density (Wassenberg et al 2014;Wassenberg et al 2015b) and results compare well to X-ray densitometry (Schinker et al 2003). When compared to X-ray measurements this method provides the advantage that it is extremely fast, non-destructive and relatively inexpensive; this method was used in several dendroclimatological studies in recent years (Fan et al 2009;Bender et al 2012;Montwé et al 2014;Shchupakivskyy et al 2014;Wassenberg et al 2015a;Hackenberg et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of European beech wood density as influenced by interactions between tree-ring growth and aspect

2016

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Background: Wood density is considered to be the most important predictor of wood quality but despite its importance, diffuse-porous tree species have been the subject of only a limited number of studies. The importance of European beech forests for Central Europe calls for profound research to examine the potential impact of a warmer climate on the quality of beech timber. Methods:In this study we analysed the influence of tree-ring width and tree-ring age on the wood density of beech, and whether the wood density response to these two parameters is modified by aspect. A linear mixed-effects model for wood density was constructed for mean density data measured with high frequency densitometry on stem discs from 72 beech trees sampled from two different aspects (northeast -NE and southwest -SW) of a valley in southwestern Germany.Results: Part of the variability of mean annual wood density was explained by cambial age: an increase in cambial age resulted in an increase in mean wood density. Tree-ring width and aspect had only a small influence on wood density. Wood density on the SW aspect was lower than on the NE with a difference of approximately 0.006 g/cm 3 . The between-tree variability was very high.Conclusions: The significant interaction between cambial age and aspect reflects the importance of site conditions at older tree ages: with increasing cambial age the difference between aspects becomes stronger. Our results give a better understanding of the importance of site conditions on the wood quality of beech.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of European beech wood density as influenced by interactions between tree-ring growth and aspect

2016

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“…For example, intra-annual density fluctuations have been observed to occur more frequently in the juvenile phase of a tree than in later developmental stages [22]. Studies on trees from uneven-age stands [23][24][25] or from trees with different growth rates [26,27] are also showing that the timing of xylem formation can extend or shift from several days to some weeks. This might be caused by a different intensity and duration of physiological processes such as photosynthesis, accumulation, and re-distribution of current carbohydrates or the usage of reserve assimilates to build up cell wall of tracheids and other components of wood [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Age-Effect on Intra-Annual δ13C-Variability within Scots Pine Tree-Rings from Central Siberia

Fonti

Vaganov

Wirth

et al. 2018

Forests

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Intra-annual tree-ring parameters are increasingly used in dendroecology thanks to their high temporal resolution. To better understand the nature of intra-ring proxy signals, we compared old and young trees according to the different ways in which they respond to climate. The study was carried out in central Siberia (Russia, 60 • 75 N, 89 • 38 E) in two even-aged Pinus sylvestris L. stands of different ages (20 and 220 years). Ring width, cell size, and intra-annual δ 13 C were measured for 4 to 27 tree rings, depending on age group (young vs. old) and tree-ring parameter. Wood formation was monitored to link tree-ring position to its time of formation. Results indicated more distinct intra-annual δ 13 C patterns at both the beginning and end of the ring of young trees compared to old ones. Older trees showed a stronger significant correlation between δ 13 C across the ring border, indicating a stronger carry-over effect of the previous year's growing conditions on current year wood production. This suggests that tree age/size influences the magnitude of the transfer of mobile carbon reserves across the years.

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“…Arend & Fromm () showed that vessel cross‐sectional area was positively related to water availability during earlywood formation, but not during latewood production. In Norway spruce, Montwé, Spiecker & Hamann () showed decreased tracheid lumen diameter and increased cell wall thickness as a result of a 7‐year experimental drought. After the drought treatment ended lumen diameters and cell wall thickness quickly returned to pre‐drought measurements suggesting a high degree of plasticity in these traits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Variation of xylem vessel diameters across a climate gradient: insight from a reciprocal transplant experiment with a widespread boreal tree

2015

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1. Xylem vessel diameters represent an important plant hydraulic trait to ensure sufficient water supply from the roots to the leaves. The ability to adjust the hydraulic pathway to environmental cues is key in order to satisfy transpirational demands and maximize growth and survival. 2. We evaluated the variability of vessel diameters in trembling aspen in a reciprocal transplant experiment. We tested six provenances from three ecological regions of North America planted at four test sites in western Canada. All test sites were established at the same time with the same provenances arranged in a randomized complete block design. 3. Vessel diameter showed a strong interaction of population and test site suggesting a high degree of phenotypic plasticity in this trait. Gaussian kernel density estimates support plastic as well as genetic contributions in vessel diameter control trending from bimodal distributions at the most northern test site towards unimodal distributions at the warmest and mildest test site. 4. Furthermore, we used test site-specific climate data in form of a 2-year, 5-year and 10-year average of 21 directly and derived climatic variables and found that average site-specific vessel diameters correlated strongly with summer moisture availability. A previously found negative relationship with vessel diameter and tree height in central Alberta was also found at two other boreal test sites but reversed at a wetter and milder sub-boreal test site. 5. In summary, vessel diameters were highly plastic in response to different environments and varied with summer moisture availability. The variability of vessel diameter and tree height correlations suggests that vessel diameter alone cannot serve as a reliable proxy for long-term growth performance beyond boreal environments. Instead, selecting aspen populations with a high degree of plasticity in this trait appears to be the safest option for assisted migration and seed transfer programmes under climate change.

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An experimentally controlled extreme drought in a Norway spruce forest reveals fast hydraulic response and subsequent recovery of growth rates

Cited by 41 publications

References 43 publications

Variability of European beech wood density as influenced by interactions between tree-ring growth and aspect

Variability of European beech wood density as influenced by interactions between tree-ring growth and aspect

Age-Effect on Intra-Annual δ13C-Variability within Scots Pine Tree-Rings from Central Siberia

Variation of xylem vessel diameters across a climate gradient: insight from a reciprocal transplant experiment with a widespread boreal tree

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