An experimental test of voluntary strategies to promote urban water demand management

Fielding, Kelly S.; Spinks, Anneliese; Russell, Sally; McCrea, Rod; Stewart, Rodney Anthony; Gardner, John

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.10.027

Cited by 201 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This effect was observed in the week following the intervention, with the descriptive norm condition using 26% less than the control condition (0.50 compared with 0.68, in units of 100 cubic feet) and the aligned norm condition used 16% less (0.57 compared with 0.68). This basic effect replicates previous studies (Allcott, 2011;Ferraro & Price, 2011;Schultz et al, 2007) and demonstrates that the approach can be effectively applied to water (see also Fielding et al, 2013). Interestingly, the effects observed in this study are larger than those obtained in prior studies of residential electricity (Schultz et al, 2007 reported an aggregated difference of 6% for an aligned norm mes-sage vs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Personalized Normative Feedback and the Moderating Role of Personal Norms

Schultz

Messina

Tronu

et al. 2014

Environment and Behavior

185

126

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This article examines the role of social norms messages in promoting water conservation. A field experiment is reported in which residents were provided with personalized feedback about their water consumption, coupled with normative information about similar households in their neighborhood. Normative information was provided either through a webbased interface or through postal mail, and survey data were collected from residents prior to treatment. Results showed that residents who received normative information consumed less water than a randomized control group. Additional analyses showed that web-based distribution was less effective than postal mail. Finally, moderated regression analyses showed that residents with strong personal norms about reduced water consumption were less affected by the normative messages than were residents with low personal norms. Implications are discussed for both theory and practice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Personalized Normative Feedback and the Moderating Role of Personal Norms

Schultz

Messina

Tronu

et al. 2014

Environment and Behavior

185

126

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“…Nauges and Thomas [22] reported that residential water consumption was significantly lower when individual housing with meter recording was present, and they thus encouraged the installation of water metering in collective housing. Similarly, Fielding et al [51] analyzed 221 households fitted with smart water meters and demonstrated that interventions (e.g., water-saving information alone, water-saving information, as well as a descriptive norm manipulation, and water-saving information, as well as tailored end-user feedback) led to significant water savings. However, long-term household usage data has demonstrated that in all cases, the reduction in water use resulting from interventions eventually dissipated, with water consumption returning to pre-intervention levels after approximately 12 months.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Determinants of Residential Water Demand in Italy

Romano

Salvati

2014

Water

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Abstract:The aim of this study was to estimate the determinants of residential water demand for chief towns of every Italian province, in the period 2007-2009, using the linear mixedeffects model estimated with the restricted-maximum-likelihood method. Results confirmed that the applied tariff had a negative effect on residential water consumption and that it was a relevant driver of domestic water consumption. Moreover, income per capita had a positive effect on water consumption. Among measured climatic and geographical features, precipitation and altitude exerted a strongly significant negative effect on water consumption, while temperature did not influence water demand. Further, data show that small towns in terms of population served were characterized by lower levels of consumption. Water utilities ownership itself did not have a significant effect on water consumption but tariffs were significantly lower and residential water consumption was higher in towns where the water service was managed by publicly owned water utilities. However, further research is needed to gain a better understanding of the connection between ownership of water utilities and water prices and water consumption.

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“…To name a few, from the consumer's perspective, water conservation measures could be tailored to each individual consumer [6], thus maximizing the saving potential in each case, or the variable term in the tariff could be designed according to consumer's characteristics to guarantee the balance between equity and income [7]. Furthermore, from the utility's view, water demand prediction models could be reliably produced from a more accurate bottom-up approach [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water End Use Disaggregation Based on Soft Computing Techniques

Pastor-Jabaloyes

Arregui

Cobacho

2018

Water

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Disaggregating residential water end use events through the available commercial tools needs a great investment in time to manually process smart metering data. Therefore, it is extremely difficult to achieve a homogenous and sufficiently large corpus of classified single-use events capable of accurately describe residential water consumption. The main goal of the present paper is to develop an automatic tool that facilitates the disaggregation of the individual water consumptions events from the raw flow trace. The proposed disaggregation methodology is conducted through two actions that are iteratively performed: first, the use of an advanced two-step filter, whose calibration is automatically conducted by the Elitist Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm NSGA-II; and second, a cropping algorithm based on the filtered water consumption flow traces. As a secondary goal, yet complementary to the main one, a semiautomatic massive classification process has been developed, so that the resulting single-use events can be easily categorized in the different water end uses in a household. This methodology was tested using water consumption data from two different case studies. The characteristics of the households taken as reference and their occupants were unequivocally dissimilar from each other. In addition, the monitoring equipment used to obtain the consumption flow traces had completely different technical specifications. The results obtained from the processing of the two studies show that the automatic disaggregation is both robust and accurate, and produces significant time saving compared to the standard manual analysis.

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An experimental test of voluntary strategies to promote urban water demand management

Cited by 201 publications

References 43 publications

Personalized Normative Feedback and the Moderating Role of Personal Norms

Personalized Normative Feedback and the Moderating Role of Personal Norms

Estimating the Determinants of Residential Water Demand in Italy

Water End Use Disaggregation Based on Soft Computing Techniques

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