An experimental study on the piezoresistive and mechanical behavior of carbon nanocomposites subject to high-rate elastic loading

Hernandez, Julio A.; Kedir, Nesredin; Lim, Boon Him; Chen, W.; Tallman, Tyler N.

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2020.108285

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The model fit well with the experimental data, indicating that the decrease in distance between the carbon blacks increased the number of conductive paths under compressive load conditions and decreased the resistance, i.e., the pressure-sensitive property of the material. The tunneling effect was found to be the main mechanism for the increase in the number of conductive pathways in the composites [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hygrothermal Aging and Cyclic Compressive Loading on the Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Conductive Composites

Xie

et al. 2022

Polymers

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Conductive polymers and their composites have been widely applied in different applications, including sensing applications. Herein, we constructed a conductive composite of polypropylene, carbon black, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (PP/CB/MWCNTs) to experimentally study its sensing behaviors in a humid thermal environment. The as-synthesized PP/CB/MWCNT composite polymer was immersed in simulated sweat in deionized water at 67 °C. Regarding their electrical and mechanical properties, different experimental parameters, such as cyclic loading and hygrothermal aging, were investigated by recording the mass changes, carrying out strain sensing experiments, and performing dynamic mechanical analyses before and after the immersion test. The results reveal that the filler content improved the rate of water absorption but decreased at higher concentrations of the solution. The sensitivity of the material decreased by up to 53% after the hygrothermal ageing and cyclic loading. Moreover, the sensitivity under cyclic compression loading decreased with an increasing immersion time, qualitatively illustrated by an effective quantum tunneling effect and conducting path model. Finally, hygrothermal aging reduced the composite’s glass transition temperature. This reduction was the most significant for specimens immersed in deionized water, ascribed to the moisture absorption, reducing the molecular chain activity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Hygrothermal Aging and Cyclic Compressive Loading on the Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Conductive Composites

Xie

et al. 2022

Polymers

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“…Two co-directional phenomena for the increase of electrical resistance due to tensile load were reported in [ 24 , 27 ]: change in the configuration in CNT conductive network and geometrical effect of dimensional changes of a sample. The compressive loading vice versa resulted in a decrease of electrical resistance of polymer resins filled with CNTs which was attributed to the decrease in gaps between CNTs and/or their associated agglomerates building the conductive network being pushed together [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basalt Fibre Composite with Carbon Nanomodified Epoxy Matrix under Hydrothermal Ageing

et al. 2021

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This work aimed to investigate the effect of hybrid carbon nanofillers (e.g., carbon nanotubes/carbon nanofibers in the ratio 1:1 by mass) over the electrical and flexural properties for an epoxy matrix and corresponding basalt fibre reinforcing composite (BFRC) subjected to full-year seasonal water absorption. Hydrothermal ageing was performed by full immersion of the tested materials into distilled water according to the following model conditions (seasons). The mechanical properties were measured in three-point bending mode before environmental ageing and after each season. Upon environmental ageing, the relative change of flexural strength and elastic modulus of the epoxy and NC was within 10–15%. For nanomodified BFRCs, the slightly higher effect (approx. by 10%) of absorbed moisture on flexural characteristics was found and likely attributed to higher defectiveness (e.g., porosity, the formation of agglomerates etc.). During flexural tests, electrical resistance of the nanocomposites (NC) and BFRC/NC samples was evaluated. The electrical conductivity for UD BFRC/NC, before and after hydrothermal ageing, was by 2 and 3 times higher than for the NC, accordingly, revealing the orientation of electrically conductive nanoparticles and/or their agglomerates during lay-up manufacturing which was evaluated by the rules of the mixture. Based on all results obtained it can be concluded that the most potentially applicable for damage indication was UD BFRC/NC along fibres since full-year hydrothermal ageing improved its electrical conductivity by approx. 98% and, consequently, the ability to monitor damages was also enhanced.

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“…Pyrograf ® III PR-24-XT-HHT (Applied Sciences Inc., Cedarville, OH) CNFs, FibreGlast ® System 2000 Resin and 2060 Hardener, and FibreGlast ® Style 7725 Bi-directional E-Glass fiber materials were used to produce self-sensing GFRCs. These were used because of our extensive prior experience with these materials Hernandez et al (2020), Tallman and Hassan (2019), Tallman et al (2014), Karnik and Tallman (2021). CNFs were chosen over multi-walled (MW) CNTs because of their lower cost, comparable electro-mechanical properties, comparable aspect ratios, and easier dispersion.…”

Section: Materials and Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-sensing of pulsed laser ablation in carbon nanofiber-based smart composites

Jain

Kedir

Hassan

et al. 2022

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

Self Cite

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Laser-to-composite interactions are becoming increasingly common in diverse applications such as diagnostics, fabrication and machining, and directed energy weapon systems. These interactions can induce seemingly imperceptible damage to the material. It is therefore desirable to have a means of sensing laser exposure. Smart or self-sensing materials may be a powerful method of addressing this need. Herein, we present a study on the potential of using changes in the electrical properties of carbon nanofiber (CNF)-modified composites as a way of detecting laser exposure and degradation. To test laser sensing capabilities, CNF composite specimens were exposed to an infra-red laser operating at 1064 nm, 35 kHz, and pulse duration of 8 ns for a total of 20 s. The resistances of the specimens were then measured post-ablation, and it was found that for 1.0 wt.% CNFs, the average resistance increased by approximately 18% thereby demonstrating laser sensing capabilities. In order to expand on this result, electrical impedance tomography (EIT) was employed for spatial localization of laser exposures of 1, 3, 5, 10, and 20 s on a larger, plate-like specimens. EIT was not only successful in detecting and localizing exposures, but it could also find laser damages that were virtually imperceptible to the naked eye. Based on these results, this research could lead to the development of novel carbon-based smart material systems for real-time detection and tracking of laser exposure in the measurement, fabrication, and defense industries.

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An experimental study on the piezoresistive and mechanical behavior of carbon nanocomposites subject to high-rate elastic loading

Cited by 13 publications

References 47 publications

Effects of Hygrothermal Aging and Cyclic Compressive Loading on the Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Conductive Composites

Effects of Hygrothermal Aging and Cyclic Compressive Loading on the Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Conductive Composites

Basalt Fibre Composite with Carbon Nanomodified Epoxy Matrix under Hydrothermal Ageing

Self-sensing of pulsed laser ablation in carbon nanofiber-based smart composites

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